The development of a novel biorefining strategy for the valorisation of textile waste

开发一种新颖的生物精炼策略以实现纺织废料的增值

• 批准号: BB/X011577/1
• 负责人: Chenyu Du
• 金额: $ 38.69万
• 依托单位: University of Huddersfield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FX011577%2F1
• 关键词: development; novel; biorefining; strategy; valorisation

The textile industry is worth over 3,000 billion dollars, representing 2% of global GPD. However, the model of fast fashion leads to production of "single use" clothes and other textile products. Therefore, textile products have a relatively short lifetime and are often disposed after a few uses. In the UK alone, over 1 million tonnes of textile waste are generated annually, which is significant even when compared with the amount of plastic waste (2.5 million tonnes annually). The majority of textile waste ends in landfills or incineration, while approximately a fifth of textile waste was recycled and reused and only ~1% was used to generate material for producing new clothing. To tackle the textile waste issue, Waste and Resources Action Programme (WRAP) launched the Textiles 2030 initiative recently to call government, textile industry and research institutes to work together and transform the current singular textile industry towards a circular economy in the UK. One of the key targets of Textiles 2030 is to "cut carbon by 50%, sufficient to put the UK textiles sector on a path consistent with limiting global warming to 1.5C". To increase textile waste recycling, various approaches both mechanical and chemical have been investigated. However, although mechanical recycling technology can recycle textile waste composed of a single polymer, it is not efficient to treat complex waste such as polycotton garments (a mixture of polyester (PET) and cotton), a key component of municipal solid waste. Chemical recycling methods aim to break down the textile fibres into their building blocks and then synthesis new polymers and subsequently new fibres via appropriate spinning techniques. But chemical recycling is energy intensive and natural fibres, such as cotton (formed of cellulose) and wool (protein fibre) will be degraded to a point that they cannot be used to generate a fibre again. Recently, researchers at the Biorefining and Bioprocessing Centre at the University of Huddersfield developed an enzymatic assisted recycling process aiming to breakdown cellulose into its constituent sugar glucose and then ferment the glucose into lactic acid, from which a biodegradable plastic polylactic acid (PLA) could be synthesised. Using this technology, the aim is to selectively breakdown cellulose into smaller units to enable its removal from the PET in polycotton. The PET can then be used to make new PET fibre which potentially can be used to make new textiles. It is proposed that by tailoring the enzymes used to breakdown the cellulose the cellulose can be separated from the complex textile waste while maintaining the length of the molecular chains long enough to be re-converted into textile fibre. The recycled short chain cellulose will be characterised and formed into fibre at Technical Textile Centre at the University of Huddersfield. The regenerated fibre from textile waste will be explored for its novel application, such as in wound dressing. The recovered PET will also be characterised and explored for making new cloth. The economic, social, environmental impacts of this process will be assessed. Both the carbon and water footprint in addition to the dependence on non-renewable resources will be evaluated in order to assess the potential environmental benefits. The social impact of the process to all involved stakeholders (industries, retailers, urban and rural communities) will be also examined

纺织业价值超过3000亿美元，占全球GPD的2％。但是，快速时尚的模型可导致生产“一次性使用”衣服和其他纺织品。因此，纺织品的寿命相对较短，并且经常在几次使用后被处置。仅在英国，每年就会产生超过100万吨的纺织废物，即使与塑料废物的数量相比，这也很重要（每年250万吨）。大多数纺织品废物以垃圾填埋场或焚烧结束，而大约五分之一的纺织废物被回收和重复使用，只有约1％用于生产新服装的材料。为了解决纺织废物问题，废物和资源行动计划（WRAP）最近发起了2030年的纺织计划，以呼吁政府，纺织工业和研究机构共同努力，并将当前的奇特纺织工业转变为英国的循环经济。纺织品2030的主要目标之一是“将碳减少50％，足以使英国纺织品部门处于与将全球变暖限制为1.5C一致的道路上”。为了增加纺织废物回收利用，已经研究了机械和化学的各种方法。但是，尽管机械回收技术可以回收由单个聚合物组成的纺织品废物，但处理复杂的废物，例如Polycotton服装（Polycotton服装（PET）和Cotton的混合物），这是市政固体废物的关键组成部分。化学回收方法旨在通过适当的旋转技术分解纺织纤维，然后合成新的聚合物，然后将新的纤维分解为新的聚合物。但是化学回收是能量密集型和天然纤维，例如棉（由纤维素形成）和羊毛（蛋白质纤维）降解，以至于它们不能再次用于产生纤维。最近，哈德斯菲尔德大学（University of Huddersfield）的生物修饰和生物处理中心的研究人员开发了一种酶促辅助回收过程，旨在将纤维素分解为其组成糖葡萄糖，然后将葡萄糖发酵到乳酸中，从中可以合成可生物降解的塑性糖酸（PLA）。使用这项技术，目的是选择性分解为较小的单元，以使其从Polycotton中的PET中移除。然后，宠物可用于制造新的宠物纤维，该宠物纤维可能可用于制造新的纺织品。有人提出，通过定制用于分解纤维素的酶，可以将纤维素与复杂的纺织废物分开，同时保持分子链的长度足够长的时间，以将其重新转换为纺织纤维。回收的短链纤维素将在哈德斯菲尔德大学的技术纺织中心进行表征并形成纤维。纺织废物的再生纤维将通过其新颖的应用（例如伤口敷料）进行探索。回收的宠物还将因制造新布而被特征和探索。将评估这一过程的经济，社会，环境影响。除了对不可再生资源的依赖外，还将评估碳和水足迹，以评估潜在的环境益处。该过程对所有相关利益相关者（行业，零售商，城市和农村社区）的社会影响也将进行检查

项目成果

Food Waste Valorisation - Food, Feed, Fertiliser, Fuel and Value-Added Products

食物垃圾增值 - 食物、饲料、肥料、燃料和增值产品

• DOI: 10.1142/9781800612891_0016
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Haque M

Technical briefing: nanofinishing Nanofinishing of textiles for sportswear

技术简报：纳米整理 运动服纺织品的纳米整理

• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: International Dyer and Finisher
• 作者: Ghosh S.

A combinatorial approach to the elastic response of electrospun mats: Architectural framework and single fiber properties

• DOI: 10.1016/j.mechmat.2022.104484
• 发表时间: 2022-10
• 期刊: Mechanics of Materials
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Danvendra Singh;Apurv Sibal;D. Sharma;Sumit Sharma;D. Sebők;Bhabani K. Satapathy;P. Goswami;Á. Kukovecz;Amit Rawal

Handbook of Biofuels Production

生物燃料生产手册

• DOI: 10.1533/9780857090492.1.37
• 发表时间: 2011
• 作者: Azapagic A

Smart and Functional Textiles

智能功能性纺织品

• DOI: 10.1515/9783110759747-018
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Hebden A