PSYCHOPHYSICS OF THE STARTLE REACTION

惊吓反应的心理物理学

• 批准号: 3311306
• 负责人: HOWARD HOFFMAN
• 金额: $ 19.23万
• 依托单位: BRYN MAWR COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1977
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1977-01-01 至 1988-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3311306
• 关键词: aminoglycoside antibiotics; disease /disorder proneness /risk; human subject; hypoxia neonatorum; neural facilitation; neural inhibition; newborn human (0-6 weeks); ototoxin; premature infant human; psychophysics; psychophysiology; sensory disorders; startle reaction; sudden infant death syndrome; young adult human (21-34)

Previous research in this and in other laboratories indicates that certain elicited reflexes can be modified (either augmented or inhibited) if the reflex eliciting event is accompanied by a mild exteroceptive stimulus at an appropriate lead interval. For example, either a weak tone or a dim flash of light can inhibit the startle reaction to a loud sound in th rat and it can inhibit the reflexive eyeblink that is elicited by a tap to the forehead in humans. The present sequence of investigations is designed to document the earliest manifestations of reflex modification in human infants and to compare them to those of adults. In addition to examining reflex modification effects in healthy day old full-term infants, the work will study these effects in infants who are at risk for deficits in sensorineural processing. Subject populations will include infants who are premature or of low birth weight, or suffering from perinatal aphyxia, as well as infants exposed to aminoglycoside therapy and those at risk for SIDS.

这个实验室和其他实验室的先前研究表明， 诱发的反射可以被修改（增强或抑制），如果 反射诱发事件伴随着轻微的外感受性刺激， 一个合适的引导间隔。 例如，无论是微弱的音调还是暗淡的音调， 闪光可以抑制大鼠对响亮声音的惊吓反应 它可以抑制反射性眨眼，这是由一个点击引发的， 人类的额头 目前的调查顺序旨在 记录了人类反射改变的最早表现 婴儿，并将其与成人进行比较。 除了审查 反射修正对健康足月儿的影响， 将研究这些影响的婴儿谁是在风险的缺陷， 感觉神经处理 受试者人群将包括 早产或低出生体重，或患有围产期过敏症，如 以及暴露于氨基糖苷类药物治疗的婴儿和那些有 婴儿猝死综合症。