A characterisation and evaluation (C&E) dataset for a wild/semi-natural perennial ryegrass representative germplasm collection

该计划的目标是增加Aberystwyth种子生物库中重要饲草--多年生黑麦草的相当范围的植物遗传资源的田间表现的现有信息。这些信息将有助于草原、环境和农业科学家开发了解性能和复原力的实验方法，并将为多年生黑麦草遗传资源战略的制定提供信息，即以英国为重点的核心种质。这些信息也将对商业植物育种和饲料种子部门有价值，因为它们增加了可用于开发种子产品的种质选择。Aberystwyth大学种子生物库包含约3.3K份多年生黑麦草种子，其中约50%是野生、半天然或传统栽培品种/地方品种。后者的大部分是在1975年至1995年期间从英国和欧洲各地的地点积极收集的，方法是对牧场和其他草原进行采样，其中许多草原现在可能已不再以其原始形式存在。这种异地种子收集是多年生黑麦草生物学的历史记录，将包含带有等位基因和基因组合的种群，这些种群在开发现代、精英、化肥敏感品种时没有被直接选择，也从未在与英国农业相关的田间环境中进行过正式评估。这一点尤为重要，因为我们寻求发展和提高英国草原的能力，以支持未来不确定的气候和经济条件下的生计、健康、多样化和丰富的自然环境以及本土粮食生产。鉴于草地多样性的许多原位来源现已消失，迁地种子采集物的生存能力随着时间的推移而减弱，我们的计划将筛选从英国和欧洲收集的约200份野生/半天然多年生黑麦草种质。筛选将根据种子活力、可用种子数量和地理多样性进行选择。然后，将在威尔士5个地点的1平方米地块上对这200份材料进行为期3年的评估，这些土地涵盖了海拔约70-350米的海拔梯度。这些地块将使用较低的肥料条件进行管理，并对地上生物量、地面覆盖物、开花时间、病害发病率、降雨入渗、化学成分(作为相关营养价值的指标)和其他物种的入侵进行评分。在计划结束时，这些田间产生的关于个别材料的表型信息将被汇编并提交给公共植物种质信息资源EURISCO和Genesys PGR，作为正式的特征和评估数据集，与现有的加入条目一起使用。

The aspiration of this programme is to increase the available information on field performance for the considerable range of plant genetic resources held in the Aberystwyth Seed Biobank for the important forage grass, perennial ryegrass. This information will be useful for grassland, environmental and agricultural scientists in developing experimental approaches to understanding performance and resilience and will inform the development of a genetic resources strategy for perennial ryegrass, i.e., for a UK-focused core collection. This information will also be valuable to the commercial plant breeding and forage seed sector through increasing the germplasm options available to them for developing seed products. The Aberystwyth University Seed Biobank contains c. 3.3k accessions of perennial ryegrass seed in storage, of which c. 50% are wild, semi-natural or traditional cultivars/landraces. The majority of this latter group were actively collected between 1975 and 1995 from sites across the UK and Europe, by sampling pastures and other grasslands many of which are likely now to be no longer in existence in their original forms. This ex situ seed collection is a historical record of perennial ryegrass biology and will contain populations with allele and gene combinations which have not been directly selected for in developing modern, elite, fertiliser-responsive varieties and have never been formally evaluated in field environments relevant to UK agriculture. This is particularly significant as we seek to develop and enhance the capacity of UK grasslands to support livelihoods, a healthy, diverse and nature-rich environment and home-grown food production in the face of uncertain climatic and economic conditions going forward. In the knowledge that many in situ sources of grassland diversity have now disappeared and that the viability of ex situ seed collections diminishes over time, our programme will screen c. 200 wild/semi-natural perennial ryegrass accessions collected from the UK and Europe. Selection for screening will be made on the basis of seed viability, available seed quantity and geographical diversity. These 200 accessions will then be evaluated over a 3 year period in 1 m2 plots at 5 sites in Wales, encompassing an altitudinal gradient from c. 70-350m above sea level. The plots will be managed using lower fertiliser conditions and scored for above-ground biomass, ground cover, flowering time, disease incidence, rainfall infiltration, chemical composition (as an indicator of associated nutritive value), and invasion by other species.At the end of the programme, this field-generated phenotype information on individual accessions will be compiled and submitted to the public plant germplasm information resources EURISCO and Genesys PGR, as formal characterisation and evaluation datasets to accompany the existing accession entries.