Managing the Activity of Pollinators in Protected Cropping Systems (MAPP-CS)

管理保护性耕作系统中授粉媒介的活动 (MAPP-CS)

• 批准号: BB/Z514366/1
• 负责人: Sarah Arnold
• 金额: $ 35.16万
• 依托单位: National Institute of Agricultural Botany
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FZ514366%2F1
• 关键词: Managing; Activity; Pollinators; Protected; Cropping

Context: The UK produces around £600m of soft-fruit annually, comprising 650,000 tonnes of fruit per year. Production via enclosed systems such as vertical farms, enclosed polytunnels, and poly-houses/glasshouses is increasing and completely dependent on managed pollinators to provide pollen transfer for fruit-set. Commercial growers are facing large challenges to maintain profitable with increasing energy, water, fertiliser, and labour costs and availability. Growers therefore must increase production efficiency to meet these challenges. Pollination and the impact on fruit quantity and quality is a major route to achieving this. When soft-fruit (e.g. strawberry) is optimally pollinated it has higher yield, quality and nutritional profile, and so is more profitable. Pollination is usually delivered to indoor crops by managed bumblebees (Bombus terrestris in Europe, including UK), but other commercially produced pollinators are available (honeybees, mason bees, hoverflies).Challenge: PACE growing systems suffer from poor pollinator performance because pollinating insects are less active, have higher mortality and bumblebees often do not return to the nest, resulting in lower fruit yields and quality and the hive expiring more quickly. This has significant economic impacts on growers. The reasons for these behaviours may relate to the ambient light and other environmental factors. It is important to understand the role of challenges such as: the highly homogeneous crop appearance and scent, causing pollinators to struggle orient and find their way home; rising/setting sun appearing as an indistinct, partly-diffused point-source that disrupts orientation; and supplementary lighting interfering with navigation and task-focus due to light spectral properties that are unfamiliar to bees or that make search tasks more difficult.Aims and objectives: We will research the drivers of pollinator underperformance in enclosed systems, including lighting and navigational factors, and trial a range of affordable interventions to improve pollinator activity and reduce mortality. Experiments will include both bioassays in controlled laboratory conditions and larger-scale trials on growers' sites, to identify and then test interventions to improve crop productivity and pollinator health.The main objectives are to:Calculate the impacts of under-pollination for growers;Assess the performance of complementary pollination (e.g. air-blowing, and hoverflies) in target crops on commercial sites (poly-houses/glasshouses and vertical farms);Evaluate highly innovative light-attenuating films and other affordable interventions to improve pollinator crop-focus and the resultant efficacy of pollination including:interventions for suitability and trade-offs with crop performancehow to optimise the environment for pollinator welfare and performancelongevity of interventions through the season and between yearsApplications and benefits: By identifying causes of pollinator mortality and poor crop-focus, and assessing affordable solutions, farms will see reduced waste of managed pollinators, and improve pollination and thus fruit quality and yield. This will result in lower fruit waste, and increased production efficiency and sustainable growing as more yield is produced with fewer inputs. Grower revenues will increase from the improved yields, driving further investment and production within the UK, and with greater domestic production the need for imports will be reduced. UK consumers will benefit from better quality fruit without increasing prices.

背景：英国每年生产约6亿英镑的软果，每年完成65万吨水果。通过封闭的系统（例如垂直农场，封闭的多核和多孔/温室的生产）正在增加，并且完全依赖于托管传粉媒介，以提供水果的花粉转移。商业种植者面临着巨大的挑战，可以通过增加的能源，水，肥料以及人工成本和可用性来维持盈利。因此，种植者必须提高生产效率才能应对这些挑战。授粉以及对果实数量和质量的影响是实现这一目标的主要途径。当软性果（例如草莓）最佳授粉时，其产量，质量和营养概况较高，因此更有利可图。 Pollination is usually delivered to indoor crops by managed bumblebees (Bombus terrestris in Europe, including UK), but other commercially produced pollinators are available (honeybees, mason bees, hoverflies).Challenge: PACE growing systems suffer from poor pollinator performance because pollinating insulation are less active, have higher mortality and bumblebees often do not return to the nest, resulting in lower fruit yields and quality and the hive expiring更快。这对种植者产生了重大的经济影响。这些行为的原因可能与环境光和其他环境因素有关。重要的是要了解挑战的作用，例如：高度均匀的作物外观和恐怖，导致传粉媒介挣扎并找到回家的道路；升起/落日的阳光是一种模糊的，部分边缘的点源，破坏了方向；由于不熟悉蜜蜂或使搜索任务变得更加困难的光谱特性引起的导航和任务焦点的补充照明干扰了导航和任务，因此，我们将研究封闭系统中传授媒介的驱动力驱动力不足，包括照明和导航因素，以及负担得起的范围可改善授粉机构的范围。 Experiments will include both bioassays in controlled laboratory conditions and larger-scale trials on growers' sites, to identify and then test interventions to improve crop productivity and pollinator health.The main objectives are to:Calculate the impacts of under-pollination for Growers;Assess the performance of complementary pollination (e.g. air-blowing, and hoverflies) in target crops on commercial sites (poly-houses/glasshouses and vertical农场）；评估高度创新的灯光效果和其他负担得起的干预措施，以改善授粉媒介作物，以及由此产生的授粉效率，包括：与作物性能的适用性和权衡的干预措施，以优化授粉福利福利的环境，以优化季节性和较差的成型和良好的批准者，以供季节和良好的批准者之间的良好型和评估：负担得起的解决方案，农场将减少浪费托管传粉媒介，并改善授粉，从而产生产量。这将导致较低的水果废物，并提高生产效率和可持续的增长，因为投入量较少而产生更多的收益率。种植者透露，收益率提高，推动英国的进一步投资和产量，随着国内生产的增加，进口的需求将减少。英国消费者将从优质的水果中受益，而不会增加价格。