BASIS OF HYPHAL GROWTH AND MORPHOGENESIS IN FUNGI

这个由加州大学实验室参与的合作项目 普渡大学的目标是解释最基本的成长过程 在真菌中--通过顶端生长形成和发育管状菌丝。 菌丝通过一种复杂的机制伸长，涉及壁的大规模移动- 在顶端形成囊泡。在高等真菌中，小泡和其他 细胞成分聚集在菌丝尖端，形成独特而动态的 名为Spitzenkorper的建筑群。Spitzenkorper只出现在生长中 细胞，尽管它被怀疑在心尖部起着中心作用 生长，其确切的功能和控制其行动的机制 仍然不为人所知。这项研究将提供关键的实验测试 菌丝生长和形态发生的新数学/计算机模型 确定其有效性和实用性，并确定是否 Spitzenkorper表现为模型预测的囊泡供应中心。 因此，一种线性推进Spitzenkorper的机制将 产生一个菌丝。通过将视频增强光学显微镜与 在电子显微镜下生长细胞，以及细胞化学和 免疫细胞化学测试，这项研究将表征结构， 内容和动态行为的斯皮森科尔。实验 环境应激和环境对体内Spitzenkorper的扰动 机械和电气扰动将测试其功能和 验证了理论模型的有效性。基因突变将被用来揭示 Spitzenkorper行为的改变导致改变的模式 极性和生长；由突变引起的生化损伤将 提供有关Spitzenkorper行为控制的线索。隔离 而对顶端小泡的表征将允许确定 它们在细胞生长中的生化作用。该项目将探索和 整合细胞学、生理学和生物化学的关键方面 真菌是解决发育生物学中的一大突出问题。

This collaborative project involving laboratories at University California and Purdue University aims to explain the most fundamental growth process in fungi -- formation and development of tubular hyphae by apical growth. Hyphae elongate by a complex mechanism involving massive movement of wall- building vesicles to the apex. In higher fungi, the vesicles and other cell components assemble in the hyphal tip to form a unique and dynamic complex called the Spitzenkorper. The Spitzenkorper occurs only in growing cells, and although it is suspected of playing a central role in apical growth its exact function and the mechanisms that control its action remain unknown. The research will provide crucial experimental tests of a new mathematical/computer model of hyphal growth and morphogenesis, to establish its validity and utility and to determine whether the Spitzenkorper behaves as the vesicle supply center predicted by the model. Accordingly, a mechanism for advancing the Spitzenkorper linearly would generate a hypha. By correlating video-enhanced light microscopy of growing cells with electron microscopy, and cytochemical and immunocytochemical tests, the study will characterize the structure, contents, and dynamic behavior of the Spitzenkorper. Experimental perturbation of the Spitzenkorper in vivo by environmental stresses and by mechanical and electrical perturbation will test its function and the validity of the theoretical model. Genetic mutants will be used to reveal alterations of Spitzenkorper behavior that result in altered patterns of polarity and growth; the biochemical lesions caused by the mutations will provide clues concerning the control of Spitzenkorper behavior. Isolation and characterization of the apical vesicles will allow determination of their biochemical roles in cell growth. The project will explore and integrate key aspects of the cytology, physiology, and biochemistry of fungi to resolve a major outstanding problem in developmental biology.