Microscopic dynamics of warm dense matter

热致密物质的微观动力学

• 批准号: EP/G007187/1
• 负责人: Gianluca Gregori
• 金额: $ 78.05万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FG007187%2F1
• 关键词: Microscopic; dynamics; warm; dense; matter

In this proposal we seek to explore fundamental issues of dense plasmas and warm dense matter. These states of matter are important as they occur in the natural world, for example, in the cores of large planets and brown dwarfs as well as in laser-fusion pellets and solids heated to plasma temperatures during laser ablation.There are many fundamental questions to be answered and theoretical modelling is difficult because strong coupling makes classical plasma treatments unsuitable and the temperatures are too high to make the ground state approximations of condensed matter. As a result there is much uncertaintly about the equation of state under many relevant conditions. In fact, apparently equally vaild theoretical approaches can easily differ by more than 50% in the predicted pressure for a given temperature and density. Some fundamental questions we wish to address are:'Is there really a plasma phase transition i.e., a flipping over from a low to high ionisation state as has been predicted by theory and can we observe it?''In experiments, how fast do the electrons and ion equilibrate when one species is preferentially heated by shocks or x-rays?' 'What effect does unequal ion and electron temperatures have on the structrure factors?''How does the microscopic spatial and temporal structure of the plasma evolve and can we moniotor it in careful experiments?'One of the key diagnostics will be x-ray scattering, both spectrally and angularly resolved to access respectively the temporal and spatial structure of the dense plasmas. The PI's have played leading roles in the development of these diagnostics. Other diagnostics that will be used to validate experiments are shock and particle speed measurements using techniques such as VISAR and streaked optical emission measurements.The experimental program will make use not only of the Central Laser Facility, but we will continue to access major international laser facilities such as LULI (Paris), TITAN (Livermore) and, the free electron laser facilities (FLASH and LCLS X-FEL).The experimental program will be backed up by a rigorous theoretical effort involving experienced plasma scientists at the Univ. Rostock as collaborators.

在这个提议中，我们试图探索致密等离子体和热致密物质的基本问题。这些物质状态很重要，因为它们出现在自然界中，例如，在大行星和褐矮星的核心中，以及在激光烧蚀过程中被加热到等离子体温度的激光聚变小球和固体中。由于强耦合使得传统的等离子体处理不适合，并且温度太高而无法使凝聚态的基态近似，因此有许多基本问题需要回答，理论建模也很困难。因此，在许多相关条件下，状态方程存在很大的不确定性。事实上，表面上同样有效的理论方法在给定温度和密度下的预测压力很容易相差50%以上。我们希望解决的一些基本问题是：“是否真的存在等离子体相变，即理论预测的从低电离态到高电离态的翻转，我们能观察到它吗？”“在实验中，当一种物质优先受到冲击或x射线加热时，电子和离子的平衡速度有多快？”不相等的离子和电子温度对结构因素有什么影响？“等离子体的微观时空结构是如何演变的，我们能否在仔细的实验中监测它？”“其中一个关键的诊断将是x射线散射，光谱和角度分辨分别访问致密等离子体的时间和空间结构。PI在这些诊断的发展中发挥了主导作用。其他将用于验证实验的诊断方法是使用VISAR和条纹光学发射测量等技术进行冲击和粒子速度测量。实验项目将不仅利用中央激光设备，而且我们将继续使用主要的国际激光设备，如LULI（巴黎），TITAN（利弗莫尔）和自由电子激光设备（FLASH和LCLS X-FEL）。该实验项目将由罗斯托克大学经验丰富的等离子体科学家作为合作者进行严格的理论研究。

项目成果

Laboratory measurements of resistivity in warm dense plasmas relevant to the microphysics of brown dwarfs.

与棕矮星微观物理相关的热致密等离子体电阻率的实验室测量

• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9742
• 发表时间: 2015-11-06
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Booth N;Robinson AP;Hakel P;Clarke RJ;Dance RJ;Doria D;Gizzi LA;Gregori G;Koester P;Labate L;Levato T;Li B;Makita M;Mancini RC;Pasley J;Rajeev PP;Riley D;Wagenaars E;Waugh JN;Woolsey NC
• 通讯作者: Woolsey NC

Thomson scattering cross section in a magnetized, high-density plasma.

磁化高密度等离子体中的汤姆逊散射截面。

• DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.063204
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Physical review. E
• 作者: Bott AFA

Observation of finite-wavelength screening in high-energy-density matter.

• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7839
• 发表时间: 2015-04-23
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Chapman, D. A.;Vorberger, J.;Fletcher, L. B.;Baggott, R. A.;Divol, L.;Doeppner, T.;Falcone, R. W.;Glenzer, S. H.;Gregori, G.;Guymer, T. M.;Kritcher, A. L.;Landen, O. L.;Ma, T.;Pak, A. E.;Gericke, D. O.
• 通讯作者: Gericke, D. O.

Evidence for a glassy state in strongly driven carbon.

• DOI: 10.1038/srep05214
• 发表时间: 2014-06-09
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Brown CR;Gericke DO;Cammarata M;Cho BI;Döppner T;Engelhorn K;Förster E;Fortmann C;Fritz D;Galtier E;Glenzer SH;Harmand M;Heimann P;Kugland NL;Lamb DQ;Lee HJ;Lee RW;Lemke H;Makita M;Moinard A;Murphy CD;Nagler B;Neumayer P;Plagemann KU;Redmer R;Riley D;Rosmej FB;Sperling P;Toleikis S;Vinko SM;Vorberger J;White S;White TG;Wünsch K;Zastrau U;Zhu D;Tschentscher T;Gregori G
• 通讯作者: Gregori G

X-ray scattering by many-particle systems

• DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/15/1/015014
• 发表时间: 2013-01-22
• 期刊: NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Crowley, B. J. B.;Gregori, G.
• 通讯作者: Gregori, G.