Quantum Digital Signatures

量子数字签名

• 批准号: EP/G009821/1
• 负责人: Gerald Buller
• 金额: $ 44.36万
• 依托单位: Heriot-Watt University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FG009821%2F1
• 关键词: Quantum; Digital; Signatures

Harnessing quantum effects for communication and computation shows great potential in applications such as unconditionally secure cryptography and quantum computation. The latter would allow for faster algorithms for important computational tasks such as factorisation and database search, which can be used in everyday applications, such as internet security and rapid medical diagnosis or DNA searching. With very few exceptions, however, experiments are far from implementing theoretical results. A notable exception is quantum key distribution (QKD), for which a number of impressive demonstrations exist, with even some primitive systems being commercially available. On the whole, however, experimental proof-of-principle realisations of quantum information protocols remain an important, and in many cases, an ambitious objective.Digital signatures is an important and widely used application of public key cryptography, and allows one party to securely sign documents so that other parties can be sure of their origin and authenticity. Classical public key cryptography unfortunately relies on unproven assumptions regarding the computational difficulty of reversing a so-called ``one-way mathematical function in order to break the code. Quantum public key cryptography, on the other hand, can be made unconditionally secure based on information-theoretical limits. Our main objective is to realise a proof-of-principle experiment for quantum digital signatures. The protocol is an adaption of the scheme by Gottesman and Chuang modified to use coherent states and linear optics. Essentially, the security is guaranteed because it is impossible to perfectly determine the state of a quantum system, if its possible states are non-orthogonal.

利用量子效应进行通信和计算在无条件安全密码学和量子计算等领域显示出巨大的应用潜力。后者将为分解和数据库搜索等重要计算任务提供更快的算法，这些任务可用于日常应用，如互联网安全和快速医疗诊断或DNA搜索。然而，除了极少数例外，实验远远不能实现理论结果。一个值得注意的例外是量子密钥分发(QKD)，它有许多令人印象深刻的演示，甚至一些原始系统也可以在商业上获得。然而，总的来说，量子信息协议的试验性原理证明实现仍然是一个重要的目标，在许多情况下，也是一个雄心勃勃的目标。数字签名是公钥密码学的一个重要和广泛使用的应用，它允许一方安全地签署文档，以便其他各方可以确定其来源和真实性。不幸的是，经典公钥密码学依赖于未经证实的假设，即为了破译代码而求逆所谓的单向数学函数的计算难度。另一方面，量子公钥密码术可以根据信息理论的限制无条件地保证安全。我们的主要目标是实现量子数字签名的原理证明实验。该协议是Gottesman和Chuang方案的改编，修改为使用相干态和线性光学。本质上，安全性是有保证的，因为如果量子系统的可能状态是非正交的，则不可能完美地确定其状态。

项目成果

Experimental transmission of quantum digital signatures over 90-km of installed optical fiber using a differential phase shift quantum key distribution system

使用差分相移量子密钥分配系统在 90 公里已安装光纤上进行量子数字签名的实验传输

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1608.04220
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Collins R

Progress in experimental quantum digital signatures

• DOI: 10.1117/12.2319015
• 发表时间: 2018-09
• 作者: R. Collins;R. Donaldson;G. Buller

Realization of Quantum Digital Signatures without the requirement of quantum memory

无需量子存储器即可实现量子数字签名

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1311.5760
• 发表时间: 2013
• 作者: Collins R

Experimental demonstration of photonic quantum digital signatures

光子量子数字签名的实验演示

• DOI: 10.1117/12.971195
• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: Collins R

Secure quantum signatures using insecure quantum channels

• DOI: 10.1103/physreva.93.032325
• 发表时间: 2016-03-17
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW A
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Amiri, Ryan;Wallden, Petros;Andersson, Erika
• 通讯作者: Andersson, Erika