ENDOCRINOLOGY OF THE TESTIS--FETAL AND NEONATAL ASPECTS

睾丸的内分泌学已经被很多人研究过了。 调查人员花了几十年的时间。对成年人的监管 垂体激素通过质膜受体作用于睾丸 间质细胞，腺苷环化酶的激活及其产物 3‘，5’-环磷酸腺苷(CAMP)，并最终 类固醇的发生受到了极大的关注。此外，类固醇激素生成 产生雄激素的途径已经被彻底探索过了。而当 一些研究探讨了糖尿病患者内分泌学的这些方面。 胎儿和新生儿睾丸，间质细胞调节参数和 其次，垂体腺的功能与间质细胞有关 远不如成年人理解得好。为了更好地 了解胎儿和新生大鼠睾丸的内分泌学以及如何 这些器官彼此不同，成年大鼠的睾丸和 已经制定了实验计划，它将：1)定量催乳素和 FSH受体在胚胎和新生大鼠发育过程中的含量 2)测定睾丸间质细胞对黄体生成素和催乳素的受体 胎儿和/或新生大鼠睾丸受同源或异源影响 在体内和体外观察到的对成人的调节 培养体系技术；3)测定空腹黄体生成素百分比 胎鼠和新生大鼠睾丸中的受体及其敏感性 这些器官对促黄体生成素的刺激；4)评估促黄体生成素的偶联 与其受体结合、cAMP生成、睾酮和5α-还原 胎儿和新生大鼠睾丸中雄激素的合成；5)测定 胎儿脑下垂体对促性腺激素释放激素刺激的反应性 确定胎儿脑下垂体是否通过体内调节黄体生成素受体 黄体生成素和催乳素分泌的调节。通过评估以下各项功能 胎鼠和新生大鼠睾丸组织的比较 成人睾丸的参数，我们将能够更好地理解 男性生殖内分泌学的整体连续体和 有助于男性达到报告性成熟。

The endocrinology of the adjult testis has been studied by many investigators over a period of several decades. Regulation of the adult testis by pituitary hormones acting through plasma membrane receptors on the Leydig cell, activation of adenyl cyclase with the resultant production of 3', 5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and ultimate steroidogenesis has received much attention. In addition, steroidogenic pathways for androgen production have been exhaustively explored. While some studies have inquired into these aspects of the endocrinology of the fetal and neonatal testis, the parameters of Leydig cell regulation and secondarily, pituitary gland function as it relates to the Leydig cell are not nearly as well understood as in the adult. In order to better understand the endocrinology of the fetal and neonatal rat testis and how these organs differ from each other and the adult rat testis, an experimental plan has been devised which will: 1) Quantify prolactin and FSH receptor content during development in the fetal and neonatal rat testis; 2) Determine if the Leydig cell receptors for LH and prolactin in fetal and/or neonatal rat testes are subject to homologous or heterologous regulation, as has been observed in the adult by both in vivo and in vitro culture system techniques; 3) Quantify the percentage of spare LH receptors in the fetal and neonatal rat testis and assess the sensitivity of these organs to stimulation byLH; 4) Assess the coupling of the LH binding to its receptor, cAMP generation, testosterone and 5Alpha-reduced androgen synthesis in the fetal and neonatal rat testis; 5) Determine the responsivity of the fetal pituitary gland to stimulaion by GnRH; 6) Determine if the fetal pituitary gland regulates LH receptors by in vivo regulation of LH and prolactin secretion. By assessing these functions in the fetal and neonatal rat testis and comparing them with the same parameters in the adult testis, we will be able to better understand the overall continuum of male reproductive endocrinology and the events which contribute to attaining reporductive maturity in the male.