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Evaluation of Prevention and Protection Activities on Commercial, Public and Heritage Buildings

商业、公共和遗产建筑的预防和保护活动评估

基本信息

批准号：
EP/G026076/1
负责人：
Dino Bouchlaghem
金额：
$ 62.07万
依托单位：
Loughborough University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2009 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FG026076%2F1
关键词：
Evaluation Prevention Protection Activities Commercial

项目摘要

Risks that affect the built environment and threaten human life are becoming major societal issues in the 21st century. Managing these risks and responding to emergencies such as fires, floods, and terrorist attacks is important and needs to be planned efficiently and effectively to ensure minimal impact on society. The government's White paper Our Fire and Rescue Service published in 2003 introduced reforms that refocused the role of the Fire and Rescue Service on the prevention of fires and broadened its role in dealing with other growing threats resulting from climate change and man-made disasters. As a result, a new statutory framework is now in existence that places a responsibility on the FRS to produce Integrated Risk Management Plans (IRMPs) to plan for, and respond to, a range of emergencies.The aim of IRMPs is to improve community safety and make a more effective use of FRS resources by: reducing the incidence of fires; reducing loss of life in fires and accidents; reducing the number and severity of injuries; safeguarding the environment and protecting the national heritage; and providing communities with value for money . The White paper also highlighted that new ideas for the fire and rescue service must be based on evidence from rigorous research based on the review of technologies and underpinning science on fire prevention, detection and suppression.The work in this proposal is part of the joint national initiative between the EPSRC and the Communities and Local Government (CLG) to encourage and support research on how to identify, measure and mitigate the social and economic impact that fire and other emergencies can be expected to have on individuals, communities, commerce, industry, the environment and heritage . This is in response to the government's drive to introduce changes for the Fire and Rescue Service making this proposed research timely as it contributes to the CLG's efforts to implement the FRS reforms. There has been a great deal of research on risk assessment and risk management within the context of fire and other emergencies, most of this work focused on estimating the probability of risks and their impact quantified in terms of damage and loss by modelling fire growth and spread. However the integration of the performance and effectiveness of prevention and protection measures used in buildings while developing risk management plans to allocate fire and rescue resources has received little attention. Recent efforts within the CLG, the home Office, and the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister investigated risk assessment as part of the development of a process for planning Fire Service Emergency Cover (FSEC). Part of this work resulted in the development of a toolkit to assess risk, plan response, and model the consequences of resource deployment. However the new requirements of IRMPs that need a holistic and integrated approach and focus on prevention are introducing further research challenges, these can be summarised as follows: 1. lack of evidence based methods for the assessment of the effectiveness of prevention and protection measures used in buildings; 2. difficulties in assessing and predicting property, heritage, and human loss; 3. the need for decision making tools for the cost effective allocation of prevention and protection resources. The main aim of the research in this proposal is to build on the work by the CLG and investigate the value and effectiveness of prevention and protection measures and activities used in commercial, public and heritage buildings with the view of improving decision making on the allocation of resources within the context of IRMP. The main outcome of he research will be the development of tools that will support the FRS in decision making regarding: the value of prevention and protection measures in the built environment; and the allocation of resources for fire safety interventions.

影响建筑环境和威胁人类生命的风险正在成为21世纪的主要社会问题。管理这些风险和应对火灾、洪水和恐怖袭击等紧急情况非常重要，需要进行高效和有效的规划，以确保对社会的影响最小。政府于2003年发表的白色文件《我们的消防和救援服务》提出了改革，将消防和救援服务的作用重新集中在预防火灾上，并扩大了其在应对气候变化和人为灾害造成的其他日益严重的威胁方面的作用。因此，现时有一个新的法定架构，规定消防处有责任制订综合风险管理计划，以便就一系列紧急事故作出计划和回应，目的是改善社区安全，以及更有效地运用消防处的资源，方法是：减少火警发生率;减少火警和意外中的人命损失;减少受伤人数和严重程度;保护环境和保护国家遗产;为社区提供物有所值的服务。白色文件还强调，消防和救援服务的新想法必须基于严格研究的证据，这些研究基于对防火、探测和灭火技术和基础科学的审查。该提案中的工作是EPSRC与社区和地方政府（CLG）之间联合国家倡议的一部分，旨在鼓励和支持研究如何识别，衡量和减轻火灾和其他紧急情况可能对个人、社区、商业、工业、环境和遗产造成的社会和经济影响。这是为了响应政府对消防和救援服务进行改革的努力，使这项拟议的研究及时，因为它有助于CLG实施FRS改革的努力。对火灾和其他紧急情况下的风险评估和风险管理进行了大量研究，其中大部分工作侧重于通过模拟火灾的增长和蔓延，估计风险的可能性及其在损害和损失方面量化的影响。然而，在制定风险管理计划以分配火灾和救援资源的同时，将建筑物中使用的预防和保护措施的性能和有效性结合起来却很少受到关注。CLG，内政部和副总理办公室最近的努力调查了风险评估，作为规划消防服务应急覆盖（FSEC）过程的一部分。这项工作的一部分成果是开发了一个工具包，用于评估风险、规划应对措施和模拟资源部署的后果。然而，IRMP的新要求，需要一个整体和综合的方法，并侧重于预防引入进一步的研究挑战，这些可以总结如下：1。缺乏基于证据的方法来评估建筑物中使用的预防和保护措施的有效性; 2.难以评估和预测财产、遗产和人员损失; 3.需要有决策工具，以成本效益高的方式分配预防和保护资源。本建议书的研究主要目的，是在社区发展小组的工作基础上，探讨在商业、公共及文物建筑物所采用的预防和保护措施及活动的价值和成效，以期改善综合综合建筑管理计划下资源分配的决策。他的研究的主要成果将是开发工具，将支持FRS在决策方面：预防和保护措施在建筑环境中的价值;以及为消防安全干预措施分配资源。