PROMOTING COMMUNICATION IN THE DEVELOPMENTALLY DISABLED

促进发育障碍人士的沟通

• 批准号: 3323906
• 负责人: Howard Goldstein
• 金额: $ 13.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-05-01 至 1991-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3323906
• 关键词: child behavior disorders; child mental disorders; child with disability; communication behavior; human subject; interpersonal relations; language development; preschool child (1-5); psychological tests; speech disorder diagnosis

The lack of communicative interaction skills contributes to the academic as well as the social skill deficits demonstrated by developmentally disabled children. This communication skill deficiency interferes with the acceptance and the successful integration of developmentally disabled children into mainstream settings. This proposed research will investigate variables suspected to influence the development of effective communicative interaction skills in developmentally disabled and normally developing preschoolers. The goals of this proposed research include: (1) describing the natural communicative interaction among handicapped and nonhandicapped children; (2) evaluating a peer-mediated intervention program based on the identification of naturally occurring strategies that facilitate interaction; (3) investigating methods to increase generalization and maintenance of peers' use of facilitative strategies and decrease the amount of direct teacher involvement; and (4) investigating the efficacy of teaching strategies to developmentally disabled children that facilitate longer conversational interchanges. The long-term objective of this research is to develop a communicative interaction intervention program that will maximize the use of language by severely developmentally disabled children and secondarily to enrich their potential to learn cognitive and social skills through language. The proposed research will be conducted in four integrated preschool classrooms that serve normally developing children and children with handicapping conditions that include developmental disabilities, behavior disorders, and language delays. During the proposed funding period at least 56 normally developing children and 16 developmentally disabled children will participate in the proposed studies. The proposed plan of research involves six studies; two are descriptive studies and four use single-subject experimental designs. The planned research has implications for the development of an ecobehavioral model of communicative development and is most significant in its direct contribution to the development of more effective procedures that can be employed during a critical period of early development in developmentally disabled children.

缺乏交流互动技能有助于 学术和社会技能的缺陷， 发育障碍儿童。 这种沟通技巧 缺陷干扰接受和成功 将发育残疾儿童纳入主流 设置. 这项拟议的研究将调查变量 怀疑影响有效沟通的发展 发展性残疾人和正常人的互动技能 发展学龄前儿童。 这项研究的目的是 包括：（1）描述自然的交际互动 （2）在残疾儿童和非残疾儿童中， 同伴中介干预方案的基础上确定 促进互动的自然发生的策略;（3） 研究提高推广和维护的方法 同伴对促进策略的使用， 教师直接参与;（4）调查有效性 对发育障碍儿童的教学策略， 促进更长时间的对话交流。 长期 本研究的目的是发展一种沟通的 互动干预计划，将最大限度地利用 严重发育障碍儿童的语言， 其次是丰富他们学习认知和社交的潜力 通过语言的技能。 拟议的研究将在 在四个综合学前班教室， 发展中国家的儿童和残疾儿童， 包括发育障碍、行为障碍， 语言延迟 在拟议供资期间，至少56个 正常发育儿童和16名发育障碍儿童 儿童将参加拟议的研究。 拟议 研究计划包括六个研究，两个是描述性研究 四个采用单受试者实验设计。 计划 这项研究对发展一种生态行为 传播发展的模式，并在其最重要的 对制定更有效程序的直接贡献 可以在早期发展的关键时期使用 在发育障碍儿童中。