PERCEPTION OF SPEECH AND NONSPEECH SOUNDS IN INFANCY

提出了一系列实验来研究这种方式 婴幼儿对鼻音和自然发音的感知是 以及与复杂的时间和频率匹配的非语音刺激 以言语表达的关系。歧视和分类数据将 从6个月到12个月大的婴儿使用操作式翻头获得 程序。区分、分类和标注数据将 从2到4岁的儿童使用两个可选的指点 程序。对婴儿的研究将集中在对外国人的歧视上 语音对比、交易关系、停辅音位置的分类 CV音节的发音类别和元音类别的提取 语音特征。对幼儿的研究将集中在 外国言语对比的歧视、歧视与标签 元音、元音规范化和减少、语境影响、交易 关系、特征提取和地点的辨别和标注 在停顿、投票和TOT中的发音。除了这些研究之外 语音感知，针对6至12个月大的婴儿的实验将解决 发展心理声学的几个方面，包括 高频音调、鉴频、鉴频 调制和心理物理调谐曲线。这些心理声学研究 不仅为这个年龄段建立了标准，而且还发现了任何 言语辨别的感官制约。这个项目的总体目标是 研究计划是评估言语背后的机制 婴儿期和儿童期早期的知觉。早期语言的作用 经验，特别是在语言产生的早期阶段，将会 被检查，以及对语音模式的开始年龄进行分析。

A series of experiments are proposed for investigating the manner in which infants and young children perceive snythetic and natural speech sounds as well as nonspeech stimuli that match the complex temporal and frequency relations present in speech. Discrimination and categorization data will be obtained from 6- to 12-months-old infants using an operant headturning procedure. Discrimination, categorization, and labeling data will be obtained from 2- to 4-year-olds using a two-alternative pointing procedure. Studies of infants will focus on the discrimination of foreign speech contrasts, trading relations, categorization of stop consonant place of articulation and vowel category in CV syllables, and the extraction of phonetic features. Studies of young children will focus on the discrimination of foreign speech contrasts, the discrimination and labeling of vowels, vowel normalization and reduction, context effects, trading relations, feature extraction, and the discrimination and labeling of place of articulation in stops, VOT, and TOT. In addition to these studies of speech perception, experiments with 6- to 12-months-olds will address several aspects of developmental psychoacoustics, including thresholds for high frequency tones, frequency discrimination, discrimination of frequency modulation, and psychophysical tuning curves. These psychoacoustic studies will not only establish norms for this age range but also uncover any sensory constraints on speech discrimination. The overall goal of this program of research is to evaluate the mechanisms underlying speech perception in infancy and early childhood. The role of early linguistic experience, particularly in the early stages of language production, will be examined, as well as the onset age for a phonetic mode of analysis.