SENSORY CONSTRAINTS ON OCULOMOTOR DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY

本提案的目的是调查扫视的发展， 6、12和18周龄的追踪和聚散眼运动控制 人类婴儿 总的目标不仅是描述显著的 在前四个月发生的眼神经控制的发展 出生后的几个月，而且还评估各种感官能力， 可能限制引导每个眼睛运动系统的有效性。 扫视系统的研究将使用自动眼睛监测系统 检查可靠地消除扫视的最小目标位移 和强制选择优先寻找（FPL）程序来检查 对目标位移阈值的感官估计。 的研究 追踪系统将使用FPL来检查用于运动检测的阈值， 速度辨别、后效运动和眼动监测 系统来检查幼儿的预测跟踪。 的研究 聚散度系统将使用双眼监视功能 系统检查融合性聚散，侧向隐斜视，AC/A比率， 静止位聚散度;双眼瞳孔测量和视觉 诱发电位（VEP）检查单眼抑制;和自动 屈光装置检查静止位置和精度 住宿. 这些实验将有助于确定 幼儿所表现出的低效和不准确的视力控制， 感觉信息退化或运动缺陷或 感觉运动编程 最后，感官和视力评估 为正常婴儿开发的技术将应用于一个小的 样本的临床患者与眼部异常。

The purpose of this proposal is to investigate the development of saccadic, pursuit, and vergence eye movement control in 6-, 12-, and 18-week-old human infants. The overall goal is not only to characterize significant developments in oculomotor control that occur during the first four postnatal months, but also to assess a variety of sensory abilities that may limit the effectiveness with which each eye movement system is guided. Studies of the saccadic system will use an automated eye monitoring system to examine the smallest target displacement that reliably elicits a saccade and the forced-choice preferential looking (FPL) procedure to examine sensory estimates of the threshold for target displacement. Studies of the pursuit system will use FPL to examine thresholds for motion detection, velocity discrimination, and the motion after effect and the eye monitoring system to examine predictive tracking in young infants. Studies of the vergence system will use the binocular capabilities of the eye monitoring system to examine fusional vergence, lateral phorias, the AC/A ratio, and the resting position of vergence; binocular pupillometry and the visual evoked potential (VEP) to examine monocular suppression; and an automated refraction device to examine the resting position and accuracy of accommodation. These experiments will aid in determining if the inefficient and inaccurate oculomotor control exhibited by young infants is the result of degraded sensory information or a deficit in motor or sensory-motor programming. Finally, the sensory and oculomotor assessment techniques developed for use with normal infants will be applied to a small sample of clinical patients with ocular anomalies.