SUPERGEN - The Energy Storage Consortium: CORE Proposal

未来的能源储存将比过去任何时候都重要。减少交通运输的二氧化碳排放需要逐步改变可充电电池和超级电容器，从而实现新一代电动汽车和混合动力汽车。可再生能源发电（风能、波浪能、潮汐能、太阳能）本质上是间歇性的;当可再生能源发电的渗透率变得显著时，储能对电网稳定性将非常重要。为了确保供应安全，由可再生能源供电的微电网至关重要。我们不能指望在分配的预算内解决所有储能技术。我们将继续将SUPERGEN 1的重点放在电化学储能（锂电池和超级电容器）上，因为这些对运输至关重要，并在负载均衡方面发挥重要作用。氢气储存和燃料电池在其他Supergen财团中得到解决。拟议的计划包含基础实验室研究的工作包，认识到这是实现锂电池和超级电容器逐步变化的关键，但也包括电池与超级电容器的放大和混合工作。具体来说，我们将继续研究锂空气电池，它提供了8-10倍的能量密度增加，而传统方法只能希望实现2倍的增加（这是我们冒险工作的一个例子）。我们还将继续在碳和金属氧化物超级电容器方面的工作。新课题包括研究低成本、安全和可持续的铁/锰硅酸盐作为可充电锂电池和氧化还原液流电池的阴极。该联盟的成员结构进行了调整，以确认我们不断发展的研究计划，以确保国家和国际卓越，并加强与行业和其他利益相关者的接触。该计划的一个重要产出将是训练有素的人员，能够成为未来储能领域的学术和工业领导者。

Energy storage will be far more important in the future than at any time in the past. Reducing CO2 emissions from transport requires a step-change in rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors, enabling a new generation of electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Renewable electricity generation (wind, wave, tidal, solar) is inherently intermittent; storage will be important for grid stability when the penetration of renewable electricity generation becomes significant. It is essential for micro grids powered by renewables, in order to ensure security of supply.We cannot hope to address all energy storage technologies within the allocated budget. We shall continue the focus of SUPERGEN 1 on electrochemical energy storage (lithium batteries and supercapacitors), because these are vital for transport and have an important role in load levelling. H2 storage and fuel cells are addressed in other Supergen consortia. The proposed programme contains work packages on fundamental laboratory studies, recognising that this holds the key to achieving step-change in lithium batteries and supercapacitors, but also includes work on scale-up and hybridisation of batteries with supercapacitors. Specifically we shall continue to work on the lithium-air battery, which offers an 8-10 fold increase in energy density where conventional approaches can only hope to achieve a 2 fold increase (this is one example of our adventurous work). We shall also continue our work on carbon and metal oxide supercapacitors. New topics include investigation of low cost, safe and sustainable iron/manganese silicates as cathodes for rechargeable lithium batteries and redox flow batteries. The consortium membership has been restructured in recognition of our evolving research programme, to ensure national and international excellence and strengthen engagement with industry and other stake holders. An important output of the programme will be trained personnel, capable of becoming the future academic and industrial leaders in energy storage.