Development of Design Guidelines for High-speed Railway Track Including Critical Track Velocities and Track Mitigation Strategies

制定高速铁路轨道设计指南，包括关键轨道速度和轨道缓解策略

• 批准号: EP/H027262/1
• 负责人: Peter Woodward
• 金额: $ 42.62万
• 依托单位: Heriot-Watt University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FH027262%2F1
• 关键词: Development; Design; Guidelines; speed; Railway

It is generally understood that the carbon foot-print of trains, per paying passenger, is less than that of an airline passenger. This has led to a resurgence of railways across the world as a principal means of mass transport. In order for railways to be viable, in terms of journey times and economics, the need for increased train speed and axle weight has become of paramount importance. Apart from the 186mph Channel Tunnel Railway Line (CTRL) the maximum speed of trains in the UK is generally 125mph. In France the TGV now operates at 200mph, but a land speed record of 356mph was recently set on the Paris to Strasbourg line. An increasing demand for higher train speeds is therefore clearly evident. Introduction of high-speed systems to the railway network across the world has however brought new problems in terms of railway geotechnics, namely the significant amplification of train-track vibrations at high train speeds. This phenomenon has been attributed to the characteristic wave speeds of the track, which mainly depend on the Rayleigh wave velocity of the subgrade, underlying embankments, and the natural flexural wave velocity of the rail. When train speeds approach this critical speed the track structure and supporting ground experiences excessive dynamic motions. These motions cause rapid deterioration of the track, ballast and subballast, including possible derailment and ground failure. These may threaten the stability and safety of the train and hence lead to significant line speed restrictions, causing significant delays to the network. It is therefore evident that in order to increase line speeds in the UK (and overseas) it is necessary to not only be able to model and predict critical velocity affects, but also how to stabilize them. However research needs to be targeted to determine what affects stabilization technologies have on the dynamic response of the railway track. The dynamic behaviour of railway track is a very complex 3-dimensional problem with instantaneous interactions occurring between the wheel, rail, pad, sleeper, ballast, formation and subgrade. In order to provide a safe and reliable high-speed railway it is necessary to be able to correctly model and predict the track response, including speeds leading up to and including critical track velocities. In addition critical track velocity issues lead to significant ground vibration transmission to adjacent structures. The principal objective of the proposed work is to investigate the 3-dimensional dynamic behaviour of railway track up to and including critical track velocities using the advanced 3-dimenional finite element railway track model D.A.R.T.3D (Dynamic Analysis of Railway Track, 3-dimensional) and by looking at the stress wave patterns using a purpose built test track bed. The secondary objective of the research is to look at the available methods for track stabilization in order to access the affect of localized stiffness increases on the Rayleigh stress wave, the critical track velocity and hence the overall improvement in the dynamic track behaviour. The work is highly relevant to the future strategic development of both the UK rail industry and the rail industry world wide.

人们普遍认为，按每位付费乘客计算，火车的碳足迹低于飞机乘客。这导致了铁路作为主要大众运输工具在世界各地的复兴。为了使铁路在旅行时间和经济方面具有可行性，增加列车速度和轴重的需求变得至关重要。除了186英里/小时的海峡隧道铁路线（CTRL）外，英国列车的最高速度通常为125英里/小时。在法国，高速列车现在的运行速度是每小时200英里，但最近巴黎至斯特拉斯堡的线路上创下了每小时356英里的陆地速度纪录。因此，对更高列车速度的需求日益增加是显而易见的。然而，在世界各地的铁路网络中引入高速系统带来了铁路岩土工程方面的新问题，即在高速列车下列车轨道振动的显著放大。这一现象归因于轨道的特征波速度，其主要取决于路基、下伏填料的瑞利波速度和轨道的自然弯曲波速度。当列车速度接近该临界速度时，轨道结构和支撑地面经历过度的动态运动。这些运动会导致轨道、道碴和底道碴的快速劣化，包括可能的脱轨和地面破坏。这可能会威胁到列车的稳定性和安全性，从而导致严重的线路速度限制，导致网络严重延迟。因此，很明显，为了提高英国（和海外）的线速度，不仅需要能够建模和预测临界速度影响，而且还需要如何稳定它们。然而，研究需要有针对性地确定稳定技术对铁路轨道动态响应的影响。铁路轨道的动力特性是一个非常复杂的三维问题，车轮、钢轨、轨枕、道床、路基和路基之间存在瞬时相互作用。为了提供安全可靠的高速铁路，必须能够正确地建模和预测轨道响应，包括导致临界轨道速度的速度和包括临界轨道速度的速度。此外，临界轨道速度问题导致显著的地面振动传递到相邻结构。建议的工作的主要目标是调查的三维动态行为的铁路轨道，并包括临界轨道速度使用先进的三维有限元铁路轨道模型D.A.R.T.3D（动态分析铁路轨道，3维），并通过查看应力波模式，使用一个专门建造的测试轨道床。研究的第二个目标是研究轨道稳定的可用方法，以获得局部刚度增加对瑞利应力波、临界轨道速度的影响，从而全面改善动态轨道行为。这项工作与英国铁路行业和世界铁路行业的未来战略发展高度相关。

项目成果

3D Modelling of Ground Dynamics for High Speed Trains

高速列车地面动力学 3D 建模

• 作者: Abdellah El-Kacimi (Author)

Ground borne vibrations in buildings from high speed trains

高速列车在建筑物中产生的地面振动

• 作者: David Connelly (Author)

High Speed Geotechnical Issues

高速岩土问题

• 作者: Peter Woodward (Author)

Modelling and application of polyurethane GeoComposite for high-speed ballasted railways including transition zones

高速有碴铁路（包括过渡区）聚氨酯土工复合材料的建模与应用

• 作者: Peter Woodward (Author)

Breaking the Ground Speed Barriers for Ultra-Speed Trains

打破超高速列车的地面速度障碍

• 期刊: The International Journal of Railway Technology
• 作者: Peter Woodward (Author)