EFFECTS OF DIETARY FATS ON LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM

膳食脂肪对脂蛋白代谢的影响

• 批准号: 3356144
• 负责人: ERNST JOHN SCHAEFER
• 金额: $ 22.51万
• 依托单位: TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-01 至 1990-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3356144
• 关键词: apolipoproteins; atherosclerosis; blood chemistry; blood coagulation tests; blood lipoprotein; blood lipoprotein metabolism; blood pressure; caloric dietary content; cholesterol; coronary disorder; delayed hypersensitivity; diet route /schedule; diet therapy; dietary lipid; disease /disorder prevention /control; eicosanoids; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; essential fatty acids; gas chromatography; gas chromatography mass spectrometry; gel electrophoresis; high density lipoproteins; human subject; hyperlipidemia; immunologic skin test; linoleate; linolenate; lipoprotein disorder; longitudinal human study; low density lipoprotein; lymphokines; nutrient requirement; nutrition related tag; omega 3 fatty acid; phospholipids; platelet aggregation; prostaglandin E; prostaglandin F; radioimmunoassay; saturated fatty acids; thin layer chromatography; thromboxanes; triglycerides; ultracentrifugation; very low density lipoprotein

An increased dietary intake of saturated fat and cholesterol has been associated with elevations in plasma cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, decreased bleeding time, enhanced platelet aggregation, alterations in immune function, and an increased risk of developing premature coronary artery disease (CAD). An increased dietary intake of polyunsaturated fats and/or dietary saturated fat restriction appears to decrease some of these adverse associations. Moreover polyunsaturated fats are mainly essential fatty acids and their daily nutritional requirements have not been established. The aims of this research are to carry out well controlled diet studies on the effects of: 1) altering the dietary content of linoleic acid (0%, 2%. 6% and 8% of calories) or of its derivative gamma linolenic acid (0% and 2% of calories), 2) altering the dietary content of linolenic acid (0%, 0.3%, 2%, and 4%) or its derivatives eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (0% and 2%) of calories; 3) testing the long term effects (1 year) of a diet containing 10% saturated fat, 100 mg cholesterol/1000 calories, and 10% polyunsaturated fat and a diet containing 5% saturated fat, 60 mg cholesterol/1000 calories, and 10% polyunsaturated fat. Diet studies 1 and 2 will be carried out in 10 normolipidemic subjects each and study 3 will be carried out in 20 normolipidemic subjects, 10 subjects with familial hypoalphalipo proteinemia, and 10 subjects with familial combined hyperlipidemia. Parameters to be examined will include plasma lipoprotein lipid content, apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, B, and E, LDL and HDL subclasses, VLDL and LDL apoB-100 and HDL apoA-I kinetics, plasma lipoprotein alterations in response to a defined fat meal (1 gm/kg of fat), platelet thromboxane B2 (a measure of platelet aggregation), bleeding time, blood pressure, delayed hypersensitivity response, peripheral blood mononuclear cell mitogenic response to T and B cell mitogens and lymphokine formation. The objectives of the project are to define optimal dietary intakes of essential fatty acids and their derivatives, saturated fats, monounsaturated fats, and cholesterol in normal and dyslipidemic humans in terms of improving parameters associated with premature CAD (elevated LDL, decreased HDL, increased blood pressure, and increased bleeding time).

饱和脂肪和胆固醇摄入量的增加 与血浆胆固醇升高和低 密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇水平，减少出血 时间，血小板聚集增强，免疫功能改变， 功能，以及患过早冠状动脉的风险增加 动脉疾病（CAD）。 增加饮食摄入量 多不饱和脂肪和/或膳食饱和脂肪限制 似乎减少了这些不利的联系。 而且多不饱和脂肪主要是必需脂肪酸 他们的日常营养需求尚未确定。 本研究的目的是进行良好的控制饮食， 研究影响：1）改变膳食中的 亚油酸（0%，2%，6%和8%的卡路里）或其衍生物 γ-亚麻酸（0%和2%的卡路里），2）改变 日粮中亚麻酸含量（0%、0.3%、2%和4%）或其 衍生物二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸（0% 和2%）的热量; 3）测试长期影响（1年）的一个 含10%饱和脂肪的饮食，100 mg胆固醇/1000 卡路里，10%的多不饱和脂肪，以及含有5% 饱和脂肪，60毫克胆固醇/1000卡路里，10% 多不饱和脂肪 饮食研究1和2将在10 研究3将在20名正常血脂受试者中进行， 血脂正常受试者，10例家族性低血脂受试者 蛋白血症，10例受试者有家族性合并 高脂血症 待检查的参数包括血浆 脂蛋白脂质含量、载脂蛋白A-I、A-II、B和E、LDL 和HDL亚类，VLDL和LDL apoB-100和HDL apoA-I 动力学，血浆脂蛋白改变，以响应定义的 脂肪餐（1 gm/kg脂肪）、血小板血栓素B2（ 血小板聚集），出血时间，血压，延迟 超敏反应，外周血单个核细胞 对T和B细胞有丝分裂原和淋巴因子的促有丝分裂反应 阵 该项目的目标是确定最佳饮食摄入量 必需脂肪酸及其衍生物，饱和脂肪， 单不饱和脂肪和胆固醇在正常和血脂异常 人类在改善相关参数方面 早发CAD（LDL升高，HDL降低，血液中 压力和出血时间增加）。