SMOKING CESSATION IN AN URBAN AFRICAN AMERICAN COMMUNITY

城市非裔美国人社区的戒烟

• 批准号: 3362282
• 负责人: DAVID MORRIS LEVINE
• 金额: $ 42.82万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-09-29 至 1996-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3362282
• 关键词: African American; community; data collection; disease /disorder proneness /risk; human morbidity; human population study; interview; mass information media; religious group; smoking cessation; tobacco abuse prevention; urban area

This study investigates the comparative effectiveness of two community interventions aimed at decreasing smoking prevalence in African American populations. The specific aims are to determine whether an intensive community systems smoking cessation intervention program, designed and administered by the target African American community, will result in a significantly lower prevalence of smoking at 1 and 3 years post- intervention in comparison with a matched reference community receiving a minimal intervention in the form of a standardized informational approach. Targeting of the intensive intervention will be through churches, neighborhood organizations, and the political sector and we will determine its impact on the adoption of self-sustained and self- administered nonsmoking programs and the quit-rate of smokers; anti- smoking advocacy activities by leaders to eliminate public smoking and advertising; the effectiveness of lay health workers as cessation program interventionists; the predictors of smoking cessation in smokers in both the intervention and reference community, including sociodemographic characteristics, co-morbidity, status, exposure to environmental nonsmoking enhancers, social norms, and the processes of change according to the Prochaska model. The intensive intervention, based on behavioral, educational, and process of change principles, develops from a needs assessment of the community, is refined by focus group analyses, and decisions regarding final implementation are through a community-based Steering Community with representation from church, neighborhood, and political leadership, as well as The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions> Specific smoking cessation strategies will be developed within the context of churches and neighborhood organizations and feature small group and individualized approaches, led by volunteer members of these respective organizations, who are trained and certified in state-of-the-art smoking cessation strategies by expert at Johns Hopkins. Such efforts are reinforced by pastoral and neighborhood organization leadership, support, and recognition, as well as family and peer recognition and reinforcement. Moreover, this effort is further enhanced by environmental support at the community level through combined political and neighborhood advocacy of nonsmoking efforts. Population-based surveys of a random sample of 1,500 individuals from each community at baseline, as well as 1 and 3 Year post-intervention will compare the prevalence of smoking in both communities. This study is significant because it investigates 1) interventions for a broad segment of high risk urban African Americans who would not otherwise be reached; 2) is aimed at community ownership to enhance institutionalization of the program (if found effective); and 3) offers a potential national model for dissemination.

本研究调查了两个社区的比较有效性。 旨在降低非裔美国人吸烟率的干预措施 人口。具体目标是确定一种密集的 社区系统戒烟干预计划，设计和实施 由目标非裔美国人社区管理，将导致 治疗后1年和3年的吸烟率显著降低 干预措施与匹配的参考社区接受的比较 以标准化信息的形式进行的最小干预 接近。集中干预的针对性将通过 教堂、邻里组织、政界和我们 将决定其对采用自给自足和自我保护的 实施的无烟计划和吸烟者的戒烟率； 领导人开展吸烟倡导活动，以消除公共场所吸烟和 广告；非专业卫生工作者戒烟的有效性 项目干预者；吸烟者戒烟的预测因素 在干预社区和参考社区，包括 社会人口学特征、合并症、状况、接触 环境无烟促进剂、社会规范和 根据普罗查斯卡模型进行更改。 强化干预，基于行为、教育和 变化过程原则，从对 社区，通过焦点小组分析和关于以下方面的决策进行优化 最终的实施是通过一个基于社区的指导社区 有来自教会、社区和政治领导层的代表， 以及约翰·霍普金斯医疗机构的特定吸烟 将在教会的背景下制定戒烟策略 和邻里组织，并以小团体和 个性化的方法，由各自的志愿者成员领导 接受过最先进吸烟方面的培训和认证的组织 约翰·霍普金斯大学的戒烟策略专家。这些努力是 在牧区和邻里组织的领导下得到加强， 支持和认可，以及家庭和同龄人的认可和 增援。此外，这一努力进一步得到加强，因为 通过联合政治行动在社区一级提供环境支持 以及社区倡导无烟的努力。基于人口 从每个社区中随机抽取1,500人进行调查 基线，以及干预后1年和3年将比较 两个社区的吸烟率都很高。 这项研究很有意义，因为它调查了1)对 广泛的高危城市非裔美国人，他们不会 否则将达到；2)旨在增强社区所有权 计划的制度化(如果发现有效)；以及3)提供 一个潜在的国家传播模式。