CHRONIC STRESS DISORDERS: CORE ELEMENTS AND VARIATIONS

拟议扩大本研究的目的是 调查一般和特定症状模式， 极端的压力，并试图描绘一个压力谱 创伤事件内和创伤事件之间的反应综合征。 没有 将收集新的数据。 四个样本来自三个不同的 灾难性事件（布法罗溪大坝倒塌和洪水， 比佛利山庄晚餐俱乐部火灾和越南战争） 可用于直接、跨事件 比较。 这三起事件中有806名幸存者 已经接受了采访，并填写了我们的自我报告数据; 130 布法罗溪幸存者有14年的随访数据。 我们将调查症状和诊断的模式， 描述个人暴露在极端压力下， 事件类型、区分事件的模式和模式 与年龄和性别有关。 这些模式之间的关系 精神病理学和精神病学与外部 此外，亦会研究生活适应的基础指数。 数据分析将调查哪些症状与 有创伤后应激障碍的人 将制定自我报告项目的子集， 与创伤后应激障碍高度相关 将制定关于 临床评定的精神病理学和自我报告的症状 描述了幸存者的整体情况， 事件以及年龄和性别亚组（如可用）。 此外，本发明还 这项研究将调查高度紧张的幸存者 表现出一种明确的综合征， 精神病疾病分类学，或者它们是否更好地描述为 几种不同类型的应激反应综合征或障碍。 预计获得的信息将导致 精神疾病分类学的变化建议， 以经验为基础，并在事件中具有一定的普遍性。

The purpose of the proposed extension of the present study is to investigate generic and specific symptom patterns in responses to extreme stress, and to attempt to delineate a spectrum of stress response syndromes within and between traumatic events. No new data will be collected. Four samples from three different catastrophic events (the Buffalo Creek dam collapse and flood, the Beverly Hills Supper Club fire, and the Vietnam war) have comparable data that can be used for direct, across event comparisons. Eight hundred six survivors from the three events have been interviewed and have filled our self-report data; 130 of the Buffalo Creek survivors have 14-year followup data. We will investigate patterns of symptoms and diagnoses that characterize individuals exposed to extreme stress regardless of event type, patterns that differentiate events, and patterns related to age and gender. The relationship that these patterns of psychopathology and symptomatology have with externally grounded indices of life adjustment will also be examined. Data analyses will investigate which symptoms are associated with post-traumatic stress disorder across samples and an attempt will be made to develop subsets of self-report items that are highly correlated with PTSD. Profiles will be developed of the clinically rated psychopathology and the self-report symptoms that describe the survivors as a whole, survivors of specific events, and age and gender subgroups, when available. Further, the study will investigate whether highly stressed survivors manifest one clear-cut syndrome that corresponds to the psychiatric nosology, or whether they are better described by several different types of stress response syndromes or disorders. The information that is obtained is expected to lead to recommendations for changes in the psychiatric nosology that are empirically based and have some generalizability across events.