FUNCTIONS OF OCCIPITO-TEMPORAL CORTEX

枕颞皮层的功能

• 批准号: 3374766
• 负责人: CHARLES G. GROSS
• 金额: $ 23.08万
• 依托单位: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-30 至 1995-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3374766
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; attention; brain injury; brain mapping; cerebral cortex; discrimination learning; electrophysiology; experimental brain lesion; eye movements; medial geniculate body; memory; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neurons; neurophysiology; neuropsychology; psychobiology; pulvinar thalami; superior colliculus; temporal lobe /cortex; visual cortex; visual pathways; visual perception; visual stimulus

The long-term goal of this research is to contribute to the understanding of the neural mechanisms of perception, cognition and visually guided behavior in order to better prevent, diagnose, and treat disorders of these functions caused by trauma, developmental abnormalities and disease. In primates about half of the entire cerebral cortex is involved in visual perception, visual learning and visual memory. In addition to striate or primary visual cortex this cortex includes prestriate and inferior temporal (IT) cortex. In the proposed period, ongoing research on prestriate and IT cortex will be continued using neurophysiological, neuroanatomical and behavioral methods. One aim of the research on prestriate cortex is to determine the visual topography of several newly discovered prestriate visual areas. A second aim is to determine whether "blindsight" (i.e. the visual functions that remain after striate lesions but are not conscious) is dependent on prestriate Area MT. The research on inferior temporal cortex has five specific aims. The first is to study the effects of attention on the activity of IT cells . The second is to study neural correlates of mental representation and memory in the activity of IT cells. The third is to investigate the idea that the temporal modulation of IT responses may represent both stimulus factors and extra - retinal influences such as attention and memory. The fourth aim is to analyze neural networks in IT cortex by studying the functional interactions among simultaneously recorded IT neurons. The fifth aim is to further study the regional specialization and functional architecture of IT cortex. These aims are directly relevant to such health problems as the treatment of visual and perceptual disorders after damage to the cerebral cortex, the optimal utilization of sensory capacities after brain-damage, the development of visual protheses, and the treatment of developmental disorders in children.

这项研究的长期目标是有助于理解 感知、认知和视觉引导的神经机制 行为，以便更好地预防、诊断和治疗这些疾病 由创伤、发育异常和疾病引起的功能。 在灵长类动物中，大约一半的大脑皮层与视觉有关 知觉、视觉学习和视觉记忆。除了有条纹或 初级视觉皮质这一皮质包括纹前和下颞叶 大脑皮层。在拟议期内，正在进行的纹前和IT研究 皮质将继续使用神经生理学、神经解剖学和 行为方法。纹前皮质研究的目的之一是 确定几个新发现的纹前化石的视觉地形图 视觉区域。第二个目标是确定“失明”(即 纹状损伤后仍然存在但没有意识的视觉功能) 依赖纹前区MT。 对下颞叶皮质的研究有五个具体目标。第一 就是研究注意力对IT细胞活动的影响。这个 第二是研究心理表征和记忆的神经关联。 IT细胞的活动。第三个是调查关于 IT响应的时间调制可以代表刺激因素和 视网膜外的影响，如注意力和记忆力。第四个目标是 从泛函研究分析IT皮层中的神经网络 同时记录的IT神经元之间的相互作用。第五个目标是 进一步研究信息技术的区域专业化和功能架构 大脑皮层。 这些目标与治疗等健康问题直接相关。 大脑皮层受损后的视觉和知觉障碍， 脑损伤后感觉能力的最佳利用 视觉假体的发展，以及发育迟缓的治疗 儿童精神障碍。