CORTICAL MECHANISMS IN PERCEPTION AND BEHAVIOR

感知和行为中的皮质机制

• 批准号: 2518771
• 负责人: CHARLES G. GROSS
• 金额: $ 27.57万
• 依托单位: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-30 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2518771
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; attention; behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; brain mapping; cerebral cortex; discrimination learning; electrophysiology; experimental brain lesion; eye movements; form /pattern perception; medial geniculate body; memory; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neurons; neurophysiology; neuropsychology; psychobiology; pulvinar thalami; superior colliculus; temporal lobe /cortex; visual cortex; visual pathways; visual perception; visual stimulus

The long-term goal of this research is to contribute to the understanding of the neural mechanisms of perception, cognition and visually guided behavior in order to better prevent, diagnose, and treat disorders of these functions caused by trauma, developmental abnormalities and disease. In primates about half of the entire cerebral cortex is involved in visual perception, visual learning and visual memory. In addition to striate or primary visual cortex this cortex includes prestriate and inferior temporal (IT) cortex. In the proposed period, ongoing research on prestriate and IT cortex will be continued using neurophysiological, neuroanatomical and behavioral methods. One aim of the research on prestriate cortex is to determine the visual topography of several newly discovered prestriate visual areas. A second aim is to determine whether "blindsight" (i.e. the visual functions that remain after striate lesions but are not conscious) is dependent on prestriate Area MT. The research on inferior temporal cortex has five specific aims. The first is to study the effects of attention on the activity of IT cells . The second is to study neural correlates of mental representation and memory in the activity of IT cells. The third is to investigate the idea that the temporal modulation of IT responses may represent both stimulus factors and extra - retinal influences such as attention and memory. The fourth aim is to analyze neural networks in IT cortex by studying the functional interactions among simultaneously recorded IT neurons. The fifth aim is to further study the regional specialization and functional architecture of IT cortex. These aims are directly relevant to such health problems as the treatment of visual and perceptual disorders after damage to the cerebral cortex, the optimal utilization of sensory capacities after brain-damage, the development of visual protheses, and the treatment of developmental disorders in children.

这项研究的长期目标是促进理解 感知、认知和视觉引导的神经机制 行为以更好地预防、诊断和治疗这些疾病 由创伤、发育异常和疾病引起的功能。 在灵长类动物中，大约一半的整个大脑皮层涉及视觉 感知、视觉学习和视觉记忆。除了条纹或 初级视觉皮层 该皮层包括前纹状皮层和下颞叶皮层 （IT）皮质。在拟议的期间内，正在进行的关于 pretriate 和 IT 的研究 皮层将继续使用神经生理学、神经解剖学和 行为方法。前纹状皮层研究的目的之一是 确定几个新发现的前纹状体的视觉地形 视觉区域。第二个目标是确定是否存在“盲视”（即 纹状体损伤后仍保留但无意识的视觉功能） 取决于前纹区域 MT。 颞下皮层的研究有五个具体目标。第一个 就是研究注意力对IT细胞活动的影响。这 第二是研究心理表征和记忆的神经相关性 IT细胞的活动。第三个是研究这个想法 IT反应的时间调制可能代表刺激因素和 视网膜外的影响，例如注意力和记忆力。第四个目标是 通过研究功能性信息来分析 IT 皮层的神经网络 同时记录的 IT 神经元之间的相互作用。第五个目标是 进一步研究IT的区域专业化和功能架构 皮质。 这些目标与治疗等健康问题直接相关 大脑皮层受损后视觉和知觉障碍 脑损伤后感觉能力的最佳利用 视觉假体的开发以及发育障碍的治疗 儿童疾病。