NEUROPSYCHOPHYSIOLOGIC STUDY-SEVERELY DISTURBED CHILDREN

神经心理生理学研究——严重心理障碍儿童

• 批准号: 3385723
• 负责人: Robert Lee Hendren
• 金额: $ 14.28万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-04-01 至 1994-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3385723
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); brain disorder diagnosis; brain mapping; cerebral ventricles; developmental neurobiology; disease /disorder proneness /risk; frontal lobe /cortex; human subject; interview; magnetic resonance imaging; mental disorder diagnosis; middle childhood (6-11); neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; temporal lobe /cortex

The long term objective of this study is to demonstrate that children and adolescents who develop schizophrenia show specific neuropsychological, anatomic and physiologic abnormalities prior to or coincident with the onset of schizophrenia that are related etiologically to the development of the disorder. An increasing number of studies find abnormal brain structure and function in adult schizophrenics. Frequently it is suggested that these changes are present before the onset of the schizophrenic disorder and may be present prenatally or in early childhood. Few studies have examined brain structure and function longitudinally in children with early onset schizophrenia or at high risk for developing schizophrenia to determine if these changes are in fact present. Subjects in this study will be 60 children who range in age from 6 to 16. Thirty subjects classified as having a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, and 30 controls based on structured interviews, DSM III-R criteria and standardized rating scales will be matched for age, sex, SES and handedness. They will undergo a battery of neuropsychologic tests to assess general as well as frontal and temporal lobe functioning and will be studied with high resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). MRI is ideally suited to study brain structure, physiology and development in children due to its high contrast resolution and absence of known biological hazards at currently used field strengths. The Center for Non- Invasive Diagnosis at the University of New Mexico is currently a leader in the field of MRI. The use of MRI in this protocol provides an unprecidented opportunity to study neurodevelopmental features of schizophrenia in children. Morphometric measurements of specific brain areas (ventricle size, anatomic asymmetries, and size of frontal and mesial temporal limbic structures) will be obtained from MRI scans. Values will be compared with neuropsychological tests for specific diagnostic groups and controls at baseline and at follow up three years later. The combination of these techniques in the study of children with schizophrenia spectrum disorders over time will yield important information about developmental neuropathology in schizophrenic disorders.

这项研究的长期目标是证明儿童和 患有精神分裂症的青少年表现出特定的神经心理学、 发生之前或同时发生的解剖学和生理学异常 精神分裂症的发病与病因学上的发展有关 紊乱。 越来越多的研究发现大脑异常 成人精神分裂症患者的结构和功能。 经常被建议 这些变化在精神分裂症发作之前就已经存在 障碍，可能在产前或幼儿期出现。 很少有研究 纵向检查了患有以下疾病的儿童的大脑结构和功能 早发性精神分裂症或有患精神分裂症的高风险 确定这些变化是否确实存在。 这项研究的对象是 60 名年龄在 6 岁到 16 岁之间的儿童。 三十名受试者被归类为患有精神分裂症谱系障碍，并且 30 项控制措施基于结构化访谈、DSM III-R 标准和 标准化评分量表将与年龄、性别、社会经济地位和 惯用手。 他们将接受一系列神经心理学测试 评估一般以及额叶和颞叶功能，并将 通过高分辨率磁共振成像（MRI）进行研究。 核磁共振成像是 非常适合研究大脑结构、生理学和发育 儿童由于其高对比度分辨率和缺乏已知的 当前使用的场强下的生物危害。 非中心 新墨西哥大学的侵入性诊断目前处于领先地位 MRI 领域。 在该协议中使用 MRI 提供了 研究神经发育特征的前所未有的机会 儿童精神分裂症。 特定大脑区域的形态测量（心室大小、解剖学 不对称性以及额叶和内侧颞叶边缘结构的大小） 将从 MRI 扫描中获得。 值将与 针对特定诊断组和对照的神经心理学测试 基线和三年后的随访。 这些的组合 儿童精神分裂症谱系障碍研究的技术 随着时间的推移，将产生有关发育的重要信息 精神分裂症的神经病理学。