THE ETHOPHARMACOLOGY OF DEFENSE AND ANXIETY

防御和焦虑的民族药理学

• 批准号: 3382104
• 负责人: DIXIE CAROLINE BLANCHARD
• 金额: $ 15.12万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-05-01 至 1992-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3382104
• 关键词: anticholinergic agent; anxiety; behavior test; benzodiazepines; dopamine; drug receptors; ethology; fear; gamma aminobutyrate; inhibitor /antagonist; laboratory rat; neurobiology; norepinephrine; psychological defense mechanism; psychopharmacology; serotonin; stimulant /agonist; tranquilizer

Recently developed ethoexperimental tests aimed at description and analysis of defensive reactions to the presence of unconditioned, nonpainful threat stimuli, or to situations associated with such stimuli, indicate substantial differences between the two. Present threat stimuli (in the FEAR/DEFENSE TEST BATTERY) elicit reactions such as flight, freezing, and defensive threat and attack, while situations associated with threat (in the ANXIETY/DEFENSE TEST BATTERY) produce a pattern of time-based changes from avoidance/movement inhibition, through risk assessment and interference with nondefensive behaviors. These two patterns, fitting the traditional psychological division between fear and anxiety, provide a full range of defensive behaviors for analysis of bidirectional changes in behavior associated with administration of pharmacological compounds. Since these tests do not use painful stimuli or involve learning of reactions to stimuli associated with pain, they are analytically less complex than traditional anxiety models, while providing a wider range of behavioral measures. Work completed with benzodiazepine and 5-HT1A agonists suggests a close correspondence between effects on these models and the clinical efficacy of pharmacological agents. The proposed program will examine the usefulness of these test batteries, plus a more inclusive VISIBLE BURROW SYSTEM test, as models for investigating the effects of pharmacological compounds previously shown to alter fear or anxiety reactions. These compounds include Benzodiazepine, GABA, 5-HT, Dopamine, Noradrenalin and Colinergic agonists and antagonists, plus Anti- Panic Agents. The effects of these drugs on wild and laboratory rats in these test batteries will provide an extremely detailed behavioral profile form each compound, and will permit in-depth comparisons within and between the different classes of compounds. This data base should thus enable much finer analysis of the effects of pharmacological manipulations on fear/anxiety reactions, resulting in increased understanding of the neurobiology of this system.

最近开发了旨在描述和 对无条件的存在的防御反应分析 非基础威胁刺激或与此类相关的情况 刺激表明两者之间存在实质性差异。 展示 威胁刺激（在恐惧/防御测试电池中）引起反应 例如飞行，冻结以及防御性威胁和攻击，而 与威胁相关的情况（在焦虑/防御测试中 电池）产生一种基于时间的更改的模式 避免/运动抑制，通过风险评估和 干扰非防御行为。 这两种模式， 适合恐惧和 焦虑，提供各种防御行为供分析 与给药相关的行为的双向变化 药理学化合物。 由于这些测试不使用痛苦 刺激或涉及与与之相关的刺激的反应 痛苦，它们在分析上比传统焦虑症不那么复杂 模型，同时提供更广泛的行为措施。 工作 用苯二氮卓和5-HT1A激动剂完成 对这些模型的影响与临床的对应关系 药理学剂的功效。 拟议的计划将检查这些测试的有用性 电池，以及更包容性可见的洞穴系统测试 研究药理化合物作用的模型 先前证明会改变恐惧或焦虑反应。 这些 化合物包括苯二氮卓，GABA，5-HT，多巴胺， 去甲肾上腺素和coliner能激动剂和拮抗剂，加上抗 恐慌剂。 这些药物对野生和实验室的影响 这些测试电池中的老鼠将提供非常详细的 行为曲线构成每种化合物，并将允许深入 在不同类别的化合物中和之间的比较。 因此，此数据库应能够对 药理学操纵对恐惧/焦虑反应的影响， 导致对这种神经生物学的了解增加 系统。