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Research Visit to Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory for Metal Oxide/Liquid Interfaces at the Advanced Light Source

参观劳伦斯伯克利先进光源金属氧化物/液体界面实验室

基本信息

批准号：
EP/J008869/1
负责人：
Geoffrey Thornton
金额：
$ 2.68万
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2011 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FJ008869%2F1
关键词：
Research Visit Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory

项目摘要

There is currently a large research effort associated with alternative energy technologies. Light harvesting is one avenue that is being vigorously pursued, where the aim is to convert energy from the sun into either electrical power or to generate hydrogen as a portable fuel. Both routes require a catalyst to harvest the light, with titanium dioxide being a key model system. Near UV-light is absorbed in a process where electrons are promoted across the band gap of this semiconductor. The electrons and holes then travel to surfaces where they create electrical current and do some chemistry, such as reduce water to hydrogen. In the photovoltaic application, a dye at the surface of TiO2 also absorbs visible light, which leads to an increase in efficiency. The photovoltaics market is estimated to be worth US$600 billion by 2030, building from about US$20 billion in 2010. This is one reason why research on Energy, including solar is an EPSRC priority area. Although the phenomenologies of light harvesting processes are well known, the details of the surface reactions are only now being revealed. What is known has been determined from experiments in the highly idealised conditions of ultra high vacuum. Experiments carried out in this project would examine the geometry of molecules related to dyes on the surface of TiO2, where the molecules are deposited from solution. The effect of the molecules on the electronic structure would also be monitored. These measurements are made possible by special instruments that employ synchrotron radiation to examine surfaces under liquid.

目前正在进行与替代能源技术有关的大量研究工作。光收集是一种正在大力追求的途径，其目的是将来自太阳的能量转化为电能或产生氢作为便携式燃料。这两种途径都需要催化剂来收集光，二氧化钛是一个关键的模型系统。近紫外光在电子被促进穿过该半导体的带隙的过程中被吸收。电子和空穴然后移动到表面，在那里它们产生电流并进行一些化学反应，例如将水还原为氢。在光伏应用中，TiO 2表面的染料也吸收可见光，这导致效率的提高。据估计，到2030年，光催化剂市场的价值将达到6000亿美元，而2010年的价值约为200亿美元。这就是为什么包括太阳能在内的能源研究是EPSRC的优先领域。虽然光捕获过程的现象是众所周知的，但表面反应的细节现在才被揭示。我们所知道的是在高度理想化的超高真空条件下通过实验确定的。在该项目中进行的实验将检查与TiO 2表面上的染料相关的分子的几何形状，其中分子从溶液中沉积。分子对电子结构的影响也将被监测。这些测量是通过使用同步辐射检查液体下表面的特殊仪器实现的。