The Creation and Diagnosis of Solid-State Matter at Multi-TeraPascal Pressures

兆帕斯卡压力下固态物质的产生和诊断

• 批准号: EP/J017256/1
• 负责人: Justin Wark
• 金额: $ 64.69万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FJ017256%2F1
• 关键词: Creation; Diagnosis; Solid; State; Matter

We aim to exploit our expertise in laser-induced dynamic compression and x-ray diffraction to make the first ever structural studies of solid matter above 1 TPa (10 megabars) using the JANUS, OMEGA, and National Ignition Facility (NIF) laser platforms in the US. At such pressures, the compression energy is sufficient to break all chemical bonds, providing a regime where new physics and chemistry are predicted to occur. By developing optimised target designs and x-ray diffraction facilities, we will collect high-quality diffraction data on nano-second timescales, and, aided by theory and computation, will determine the structures and phase transitions in a number of fundamental materials to an upper pressure of 3 TPa - almost 10 times higher than the maximum pressure attainable using static compression techniques. We plan to apply these developments to (1) studies of the structures and transitions in carbon (diamond) to 3 TPa, searching for transitions to the metallic BC8 phase, and the creation of super-hard metastable phases of carbon at ambient pressure; (2) studies of the 'simple' metals Na and Li to 3 TPa, searching for metal-insulator and insulator-metal transitions, and the appearance of electride structure-types as valence electrons and cores on neighbouring atoms are forced to overlap; and (3) studies of the onset of "cold-melting" and a liquid ground-state in lithium as a result of the relative enhancement of the zero-point energy at high compression.

我们的目标是利用我们在激光诱导动态压缩和X射线衍射方面的专业知识，使用JANUS，OMEGA和美国国家点火设施（NIF）激光平台首次对超过1 TPa（10兆巴）的固体物质进行结构研究。在这样的压力下，压缩能量足以打破所有的化学键，提供了一个新的物理和化学预计会发生的制度。通过开发优化的目标设计和X射线衍射设备，我们将收集纳秒时间尺度上的高质量衍射数据，并在理论和计算的帮助下，将确定许多基础材料的结构和相变，最高压力为3 TPa -几乎是使用静态压缩技术可达到的最大压力的10倍。我们计划将这些进展应用于（1）研究碳（金刚石）在3 TPa下的结构和转变，寻找向金属BC 8相的转变，以及在环境压力下碳的超硬亚稳相的产生;（2）研究“简单”金属Na和Li到3 TPa，寻找金属-绝缘体和绝缘体-金属转变，以及相邻原子上的价电子和核被迫重叠而出现的非对称结构类型;以及（3）由于在高压缩下零点能的相对增强而导致的锂的“冷熔融”和液态基态的开始的研究。

项目成果

X-Ray diffraction measurements of plasticity in shock-compressed vanadium in the region of 10-70 GPa

• DOI: 10.1063/1.4994167
• 发表时间: 2017-07
• 期刊: Journal of Applied Physics
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: J. Foster;A. Comley;G. S. Case;P. Avraam;S. Rothman;A. Higginbotham;E. Floyd;E. Gumbrell;J. Luis;D. McGonegle;N. Park;L. Peacock;C. P. Poulter;M. Suggit;J. Wark

Comley et al. reply.

康利等人。

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.039602
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Physical review letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Comley AJ

Phase transitions in shock compressed bismuth identified using single photon energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (SPEDX)

使用单光子能量色散 X 射线衍射 (SPEDX) 识别冲击压缩铋中的相变

• DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/950/4/042038
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Conference Series
• 作者: Briggs R

Comments on A new theory for X-ray diffraction.

• DOI: 10.1107/s2053273318003959
• 发表时间: 2018-09-01
• 期刊: Acta crystallographica. Section A, Foundations and advances
• 作者: Fraser JT;Wark JS
• 通讯作者: Wark JS

Comparison between x-ray scattering and velocity-interferometry measurements from shocked liquid deuterium.

• DOI: 10.1103/physreve.87.043112
• 发表时间: 2013-04
• 期刊: Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
• 作者: K. Falk;S. Regan;J. Vorberger;B. Crowley;S. Glenzer;S. X. Hu;C. Murphy;P. Radha;A. Jephcoat;J. Wark;D. Gericke;G. Gregori