SPINAL MECHANISMS REGULATING MUSCLE AND LIMB MECHANICS

调节肌肉和肢体力学的脊柱机制

• 批准号: 3401526
• 负责人: T. RICHARD NICHOLS
• 金额: $ 9.36万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-09-01 至 1993-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3401526
• 关键词: cats; decerebration; electromyography; electrostimulus; joint stiffness; limb movement; motor neurons; muscle contraction; muscle function; nervous system disorder diagnosis; neural information processing; spasm; spinal reflex; stretch receptors; stretch reflex

The long-term goals of this project are to understand spinal reflex mechanisms that regulate the mechanical properties of muscle and interjoint coordination. Most studies of the mechanical actions of spinal reflexes have focused on autogenic, or stretch, reflexes. A muscle, however, also receives powerful reflex inputs from other muscles in the joint and limb (Heterogenic reflexes). Although the synaptic connectivity of heterogenic reflexes has been studied extensively, the mechanical actions of these pathways have received little attention. The decerebrate preparation will be used to evaluate the organization of autogenic and heterogenic reflexes of knee and ankle musculature under a variety of states of activation. Measurement of heterogenic actions between two muscles will be achieved by applying mechanical inputs independently to the freed tendons and measuring the force responses. A functional and quantitative map of reflexes appropriate for modellingg will be obtained. The rules by which autogenic and heterogenic inputs are integrated in the spinal cord, receptor mechanisms and pharmacology of heterogenic pathways, and the effect of stimulating supraspinal strutures on the organization of spinal pathways will also be studied. The predictions from these measurements will be tested by applying perturbations to the intact, instrumented limbs of decerebrate animals with intact muscle attachments and feedback from cutaneous and joint receptors. Malfunction of heterogenic reflexes may be an important component of motor disorders such as spasticity. Knowledge about heterogenic reflex organization is needed to understand these motor disorders and to suggest improved diagnostic methods.

这个项目的长期目标是了解脊髓反射 调节肌肉机械特性的机制 和内部协调。 大多数关于机械的研究 脊髓反射的作用集中在自体的，或拉伸， 反射 然而，肌肉也接收强大的反射输入， 来自关节和肢体中的其他肌肉（异源性反射）。 尽管异质反射的突触连接性 被广泛研究，这些机械动作 路径很少受到关注。 去大脑制剂将用于评价 膝关节自体和异体反射的组织， 踝关节肌肉组织在各种状态下的激活。 测量两块肌肉之间的异源动作将是 通过将机械输入独立地施加到自由的 肌腱和测量力的反应。 一个功能和 适用于建模的反射定量图g将是 得到了 自生和外源输入的规则 整合在脊髓中，受体机制和 异源途径的药理学，以及 刺激棘上结构对脊髓组织的影响 还将研究各种途径。 这些预测 测量将通过施加扰动进行测试， 去大脑动物的完整的、装有器械的肢体， 肌肉附着以及皮肤和关节的反馈 受体。 异质性反射功能障碍可能是一个重要的 运动障碍的组成部分，如痉挛。 知识 我们需要了解异质反射组织 这些运动障碍，并建议改善诊断 方法.