Adaptations to the loss of Proprioceptive Feedback After Peripheral Nerve Injury

对周围神经损伤后本体感觉反馈丧失的适应

• 批准号: 7698310
• 负责人: T. RICHARD NICHOLS
• 金额: $ 18万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7698310
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Animals; Axon; Chronic; Classification; Complement; Computer Simulation; Data; Disruption; Electrodes; Electromyography; Evaluation; Exhibits; Feedback; Felis catus; Financial compensation; Flexor; Goals; Golgi Tendon Organs; Grant; Immobilization; Implant; Injury; Investigation; Joints; Length; Limb structure; Locomotion; Locomotor Recovery; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Motor; Muscle; Muscle Spindles; Nerve; Operative Surgical Procedures; Paralysed; Parents; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Peripheral nerve injury; Phase; Preparation; Property; Proprioception; Ramp; Recovery; Recruitment Activity; Rehabilitation therapy; Research Personnel; Role; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Stretching; Testing; Training; Triceps Brachii Muscle; Validation; Walking; abstracting; ankle joint; base; in vivo; insight; joint stiffness; kinematics; motor deficit; nerve injury; programs; receptor; reinnervation; repaired; research study; restoration; sensory feedback; stretch reflex

Abstract Following transaction and surgical repair of a muscle nerve in the cat, motor and sensory axons gradually reinnervate the muscle over the course of 6-9 months, but the sensory information is permanently blocked from accessing the parent muscle. It has been shown in patients that such nerve injuries result in permanent loss of dexterity, suggesting an important role for sensory feedback from muscles in motor coordination. In previous cycles of this program project, it was shown that one year after animals received transection and repair of the nerves to the triceps surae muscles the animals exhibited a loss of ankle joint stiffness that resulted in a pronounced ankle joint yield when the animals walked down a ramp but not up the ramp. These findings are consistent with the directional properties of length feedback. In the last grant cycle, it was found that the pronounced yield following reinnervation was absent or much reduced if the animals underwent treadmill training for 12 months following the transection and repair, even though the stretch reflex remained absent. We now propose three new investigations. The first is to elucidate the manner in which the animal was able to compensate for the loss of directionally-specific feedback. Second, we plan to investigate the possibility that systematic training on ramp walking itself might provide a means of restoring local feedback to muscles. Third, we wish to understand the contributions of a second receptor, the Golgi tendon organ that provides force-related feedback to muscles in the limb. We will address these questions using a combination of experiments and computer simulations. Experiments in the cat will be used to address the mechanisms underlying adaptations to the loss of muscle force and sensory feedback. Computer simulations will be used to understand how peripheral nerve injury and adaptations to this injury result in changes in global coordination of the joints of the limb. Finally, we will use ramp training in an attempt to restore local sensory feedback. These experiments will test the extent to which an animal can use an alternative pattern of muscle recruitment to compensate for the deficits from peripheral nerve injuries and provide additional insight into the specific roles of sensory information from muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs. Finally, we will attempt to employ a therapy to restore the normal mechanisms of motor coordination.

抽象的 对猫的肌肉神经、运动神经和感觉神经进行手术和修复后 轴突在 6-9 个月的过程中逐渐重新支配肌肉，但感觉 信息被永久阻止访问父肌肉。它已被显示在 患者认为这种神经损伤会导致永久性丧失灵活性，这表明重要的 肌肉感觉反馈在运动协调中的作用。在该计划的前几个周期中 项目表明，动物接受神经横断和修复一年后， 小腿三头肌的动物表现出踝关节僵硬的丧失，导致 当动物走下坡道但不走上坡道时，踝关节明显屈服。这些 研究结果与长度反馈的方向特性一致。在上一个拨款周期中， 发现如果神经支配重新支配后明显的产量不存在或大大减少 横断和修复后，动物接受了 12 个月的跑步机训练，甚至 尽管牵张反射仍然不存在。我们现在提出三项新的调查。第一个 是为了阐明动物能够补偿损失的方式 有针对性的反馈。其次，我们计划调查系统化的可能性 坡道行走训练本身可能提供一种恢复肌肉局部反馈的方法。 第三，我们希望了解第二种受体的贡献，即高尔基腱器官， 向肢体肌肉提供与力相关的反馈。我们将使用 实验和计算机模拟相结合。猫身上的实验将被用来 解决肌肉力量和感觉丧失的适应机制 反馈。计算机模拟将用于了解周围神经损伤和 对这种损伤的适应会导致肢体关节的整体协调性发生变化。最后， 我们将使用斜坡训练来尝试恢复局部感觉反馈。这些实验将 测试动物可以在多大程度上使用替代的肌肉募集模式来 补偿周围神经损伤的缺陷，并提供对周围神经损伤的更多了解 来自肌梭和高尔基腱器官的感觉信息的特定作用。最后，我们 将尝试采用某种疗法来恢复运动协调的正常机制。