NURSING ASSESSMENT OF PRESSURE SORE RISK IN THE ELDERLY

该项目的长期目标是发展和测试护理 旨在减少营养和其他风险因素的干预措施， 预防特定高危患者的压疮。 具体目标是 本研究旨在改善护理之家的护理评估， 通过确定哪些营养和其他风险因素是最重要的， 高度预测这一人群中压疮的发展。 受试者将：（a）年龄超过65岁;（B）长期住院 （c）有可能发展为 压疮定义为小于2/3的可能的评分 用于预测开发压力风险的Braden量表上的点 （d）在研究开始时无压疮。 一 提出了前瞻性研究。 受试者将在以下地点接受研究 时间间隔：（1）进入研究;（2）每周一次，持续一个月（天 7、14、21、28）;（3）每两周一次，持续两个月（第42、56、70、84天）;（4）在 首次报告骨突起上的红斑（如果发生）;以及 (5)一周后皮肤破裂。 在每个时间间隔， 受试者：（a）将评估皮肤破裂的风险;（B）将 观察24小时饮食摄入;（c）将抽取血液样本; 以及（d）将具有从记录中记录的物理状态信息。 将分析以下营养素的饮食摄入量：卡路里， 蛋白质，碳水化合物，脂肪，钙，磷，铁，维生素A，D，C， 硫胺素、核黄素、烟酸、胆固醇、钠和水。 血液 将分析样本的CBC、血清白蛋白、总血清蛋白， 维生素C、总铁和总铁结合力。 临床资料 还可以获得关于饮食和血浆锌的信息。

The long-term objectives of this project are to develop and test nursing interventions aimed at reducing nutritional and other risk factors and to prevent pressure sores in specific at-risk patients. The specific aim of this study is to improve nursing assessment of elderly nursing home residents by determining what nutritional and other risk factors are most highly predictive of the development of pressure sores in this population. Subjects will be: (a) over 65 years of age; (b) admitted to a long-term care facility for at least 21-28 days; (c) at risk for the development of pressure sores as defined by a score of less than 2/3 of the possible points on the Braden Scale for prediction of risk of developing pressure sores; and (d) free of pressure sores at the outset of the study. A prospective study is proposed. Subjects will be studied at the following time intervals: (1) admission to the study; (2) weekly for one month (days 7, 14, 21, 28); (3) biweekly for two months (days 42, 56, 70, 84); (4) at the first report of erythema over a bony prominence (if this occurs); and (5) one week following skin breakdown. At each time interval the subjects: (a) will be assessed for risk of skin breakdown; (b) will be observed for 24-hour diet intake; (c) will have a blood sample withdrawn; and (d) will have physical status information recorded from the records. Dietary intake will be analyzed for the following nutrients: calories, protein, carbohydrate, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamins A, D, C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, cholesterol, sodium, and water. Blood samples will be analyzed for CBC, serum albumin, total serum protein, vitamin C, total iron, and total iron binding capacity. Clinical data about dietary and plasma zinc may also be obtained.