CASE-CONTROL STUDIES OF BREAST CANCER SCREENING EFFICACY

乳腺癌筛查功效的病例对照研究

• 批准号: 3422840
• 负责人: DANA R FRIEDMAN
• 金额: $ 2.57万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-08-01 至 1987-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3422840
• 关键词: breast neoplasm /cancer diagnosis; diagnosis quality /standard; human mortality; mammography; medical records; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology

Screening for cancer can be an important means of reducing mortality. To date, randomized controlled trials have provided the most widely accepted means of evaluating the efficacy of screening programs. Case-control studies can potentially provide a time- and cost-efficient alternative approach to prospective evaluations of screening efficacy. However, this approach remains controversial because it has not been thoroughly validated. This doctoral research project will examine the validity of case-control studies of screening efficacy and methodologic problems encountered in their design. Case-control analyses will be performed using the data from the Health Insurance Plan (HIP) of Greater New York randomized controlled trial of breast cancer screening. The benefit of screening in reducing breast cancer mortality will be assessed by comparing the screening histories of 270 women who have died of breast cancer to the screening histories of matched controls who did not die of the disease. The results of these analyses will be compared to the published HIP trial results to assess the validity of the case-control approach. The validity of doing case-control studies in non-randomized settings (e.g., general-population-based studies and studies using screening center data) will be investigated by simulating such studies, using subgroups of HIP trial participants. In addition to these methodologic investigations, several substantive questions regarding screening efficacy which were not answered by the original HIP analyses will be investigated. These include the optimal frequency with which screening should be performed and the efficacy of screening in women under 50 years of age.

癌症筛查是降低死亡率的重要手段。 到 迄今为止，随机对照试验提供了最广泛接受的 评估筛查项目有效性的方法。 病例对照 研究可能会提供一种具有时间和成本效益的替代方案， 筛选有效性的前瞻性评价方法。 但这 这种方法仍然存在争议，因为它还没有得到彻底的验证。 这个博士研究项目将检验病例对照的有效性 筛查效果和方法学问题的研究， 他们的设计。 病例对照分析将使用来自 大纽约健康保险计划（HIP）随机对照 乳腺癌筛查试验。 筛查在减少 乳腺癌死亡率将通过比较筛查 270名死于乳腺癌的妇女的病史 没有死于疾病的对照组的病史。 结果 将这些分析与已发表的HIP试验结果进行比较， 评估病例对照方法的有效性。 做的有效性 在非随机环境中进行的病例对照研究（例如， 基于一般人群的研究和使用筛选中心数据的研究） 将通过模拟此类研究进行研究，使用HIP亚组 试验参与者。 除了这些方法学研究之外， 关于筛选有效性的几个实质性问题， 将对原始HIP分析的答案进行调查。 这些包括 进行筛查的最佳频率， 筛查在50岁以下女性中的有效性。

项目成果

Breast cancer detection centers and case-control studies of the efficacy of screening.

乳腺癌检测中心和筛查功效的病例对照研究。

• DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90118-4
• 发表时间: 1987
• 期刊: Journal of chronic diseases
• 作者: Dubin,N;Friedman,DR;Toniolo,PG;Pasternack,BS
• 通讯作者: Pasternack,BS