THE FILTERING OF CORTICAL AND BASAL GANGLIA OUTPUTS

拟议研究的长期目标是确定 基底节和皮质对运动的相对贡献 控制力。一部大型实验文献论述了不同种类的 干预措施(电刺激、电解性和细胞毒性损伤、 药物注射)运动上的基底节 协调。这些研究之所以令人感兴趣，是因为它们揭示了 关于控制正常行为的基底节机制，以及 他们提供了有关这些机制故障的信息 帕金森氏症、迟发性运动障碍和 亨廷顿舞蹈症。其中许多研究都是在老鼠身上进行的，而且 在大鼠的尾状核、壳核和苍白球中充满了 通道型皮质纤维。这种基底节神经元的共生 有皮质纤维的通道使解释结果变得困难 使用电刺激或电凝的研究 这些结构的。在拟议的研究中，脑电活动 麻醉大鼠颈部和肩部的特定肌肉 单侧电刺激双侧记录 皮质、尾状核和苍白球。大吸入性病变 会导致皮质纤维的退化 通过。电刺激给定的基底节核团 大脑皮层纤维变性后将提供信息 关于该核团的输出对肌肉活动的影响 缺乏皮质输出。特定脑核的细胞毒性损害 基底节将使通道的皮质纤维保持完好。电气 在给定的神经细胞变性后对皮质的刺激 基底节核团将揭示运动的特征 在大脑皮质没有输出的情况下，由该核团驱动的活动。

The long-term objective of the proposed research is to determine the relative contributions of the basal ganglia and the cortex to motor control. A large experimental literature deals with the effects of various interventions (electrical stimulation, electrolytic and cytotoxic lesions, injection of pharmacological agents) of the basal ganglia on motor coordination. These studies are of interest because of the light they shed on basal ganglia mechanisms that control normal behavior, and the information they provide about malfunctions of these mechanisms that underlie disorders such as Parkinson's Disease, tardive dyskinesia, and Huntington's Chorea. Many of these studies have been done with rats, and in rats the caudate, putamen and globus pallidus are replete with cortifugal fibers of passage. This cohabitation of basal ganglia neurons with cortial fibers of passage makes it difficult to interpret the results of studies that have utilized electrical stimulation or electrocoagulation of these structures. In the proposed research the electrical activity of specific muscles of the neck and shoulder of anesthetized rats will be recorded bilaterally in response to unilateral electrical stimulation of the cortex, caudate nucleus and globus pallidus. Large aspiration lesions of the cortex will be made leading to degeneration of the cortical fibers of passage. Electrical stimulation of a given nucleus of the basal ganglia following degeneration of the cortical fibers will provide information about the effect of the output of that nucleus on muscle activity in the absence of cortical output. Cytotoxic lesions of a given nucleus of the basal ganglia will leave cortical fibers of passage intact. Electrical stimulation of the cortex following degeneration of neurons in a given nucleus of the basal ganglia will reveal the characteristics of motor activity driven by the cortex in the absence of output from that nucleus.