LOW-DIMENSIONAL CHAOS IN NEOCORTEX

非线性数学动力学的应用被认为是革命性的 一些科学，因为确定性模型可以由未解决的 物理和化学现象（例如，布朗运动，湍流， 等）。 一些实验室已经尝试应用非线性动力学， 不 是人类脑电图的相关维数（D2）。 我们的实验室对此持怀疑态度， 在一个简单的模型系统中的电势，嗅球）。 灯泡有 与新皮层相同的细胞类型和内在神经化学，但有很多 更简单和更好理解的神经生理学。 算法被开发出来， 估计D2，这导致了低维混沌确实 存在于灯泡中。 使用短暂的时期和行为控制，平稳性 通过消除虚假的自相关性，线性相关- 通过对已知混沌的研究， 吸引子，规则被开发用于对吸引子采样。 在此之后， 经验，我们现在建议确定是否非线性 动态分析可以应用于真实的新皮层。 我们的第一个特定AI 是在各种正常皮质条件下评估D2：安静 觉醒、睡眠和事件相关反应。 由于敏感性 在D2测量及其潜在临床应用中，Specific Aim 2是 在皮质已知病理条件下评价D2： 高去甲肾上腺素能反应性（SHR和肾血管大鼠高血压 模型）和高去甲肾上腺素能神经支配（蹒跚小鼠癫痫） 模型）。 具体目标3是确定D2值是否 对治疗干预敏感。 如果发现D2对以下物质敏感， 正常和异常的皮质功能，那么它的用途可以开发为 脑（可能是临床前）病理学的诊断和 评估治疗。 由于其特定于进程的签名，D2可以 用于绘制有助于奇异动力学的解剖学位点 系统 此外，D2的整数和小数部分具有 关于t中自变量个数的理论含义 e 平稳过程以及它是否为实性。 (key关键词：非线性a 动力学，混沌，分形，大脑皮层，事件相关电位，睡眠 癫痫、高血压、去甲肾上腺素能反应）。

The use of nonlinear mathematical dynamics is claimed to be revolutioning some sciences, because deterministic models can be made of unresolved physical and chemical phenomena (e.g., Brownian motion, turbulent flow, etc.). Several laboratories have attempted to apply nonlinear dynamics, th t is, the correlation dimension (D2) to the electroencephalogram of humans. Our laboratory, being skeptical, tested some of their claims on surface potentials in a simple model system, the olfactory bulb). The bulb has the same cell types and intrinsic neurochemistry as neocortex, but has a much simpler and better understood neurophysiology. Algorithms were developed t estimate D2, which led to the conviction that low-dimentional chaos DOES EXIST in the bulb. Using brief epochs and behavioral control, stationarity was observed; by eliminating spurious autocorrelations, linear correlation- integrals were achieved to calculate D2; by studying known chaotic attractors, rules were developed for sampling the attractor. Following thi experience, we now propose to determine whether or not the nonlinear dynamical analyses can be applied to real neocortex. Our first Specific Ai is to evalute D2 during various normal cortical conditions: quiet wakefulness, sleep and event-related reactions. Because of the sensitivity of the D2-meausre and its potential clinical application, Specific Aim 2 is to evalute D2 during known pathological conditions in the cortex: hypernoradrenergic reactivity (hypertension in SHR and renovascular rat models) and hypernoradrenergic innervation (epilepsy in the tottering-mouse model). Specific Aim 3 is to determine whether or not D2-values are sensitive to therapeutic interventions. If D2 is found to be sensitive to normal and abnormal cortical functioning, then its use can be developed for the diagnosis of cerebral (and perhaps preclinical) pathology and the evaluation of therapies. Because of its process-specific signature, D2 can be used to map anatomical loci which contribute to the singular dynamical system. Furthermore, the integer and fractional portions of D2 have theoretical implications regarding the number of independent variables in t e stationary process and whether or not it may factal. (key words: nonlinea dynamics, chaos, fractals, cerebral cortex, event-related potentials, sleep epilepsy, hypertension, noradrenergic response).