ASSESSMENT OF VISUAL FUNCTION USING LUMINANCE NOISE

视觉处理效率低下可分为两大类 分类：神经系统“噪音”的不可靠性和 系统误差或“失真”。拟议研究的目标是 人类观察者的视觉缺陷的心理生理特征 固有噪声和系统误差的术语。这项研究的结果 有可能定位视觉问题的根源，以生产 有用的诊断指标并了解其潜在原因 视力缺陷。将视觉检测的低效划分为 这两个部分可以通过对比度的测量来实现 敏感性(及其变化率)在存在不同程度的 视觉噪音。这项技术具有以下优点 常规对比敏感度测量：1)高对比度检测 噪声水平可以有效地绕过光学设备，产生一定程度的 主要取决于继任质量的绩效 神经机械，不管它有多吵。2)HIGH比较 具有低噪声性能的噪声性能导致指数 “嘈杂”3)高水平的噪音使得研究高对比度成为可能 使用与用于低对比度的相同方法的视觉 幻象。4)人的表现可以在绝对尺度上衡量。这个 称为“效率”的度量，指定可用资源的比例 观察者正在使用的统计信息。为了评估 这一程序的实用性，本研究将仅限于两类 患者：主要患有视神经介质混浊的患者，以及患有视神经的患者 神经炎。认为第一节课可能主要表现为系统性。 视力错误，而第二种可能表现出更多的噪音 信息传输。

Inefficiency of visual processing may be partitioned into two broad categories: unreliability of "noisiness" of the nervous system and systematic error or "distortion". The goal of the proposed research is to psychophysically characterize the visual deficit of human observers in terms of intrinsic noise and systematic error. Results from this study have the potential to localize the source of a visual problem, to produce useful diagnostic indicies and to understand the underlying causes of visual deficits. The partitioning of inefficiency of visual detection into these two components may be accomplished by the measurement of contrast sensitivity (and its rate of change) in the presence of various levels of visual noise. This technique has the following advantages over conventional contrast sensitivity measures: 1) Contrast detection in high levels of noise can effectively by-pass the optics, yielding a measure of performance which is primarily dependent on the quality of the succeeding neural machinery irrespective of its noisiness. 2) Comparison of high noise performance with low noise performance leads to an index of "noisiness" 3) High levels of noise permit the study of high contrast vision with the same methods which have been applied to low contrast vision. 4) Human performance can be measured on an absolute scale. The measure called "efficiency", specifies the fraction of the available statistical information an observer is using. In order to assess the utility of this procedure, the study will restrict itself to two classes of patients: those with primarily optic media opacities, and those with optic neuritis. It is believed that the first class may show mainly systematic errors of vision, whereas the second may show increased noisiness of information transmission.