INNERVATION OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS IN RATS

大鼠上颌窦的神经支配

• 批准号: 3425709
• 负责人: Keith C. KAJANDER
• 金额: $ 3.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-04-01 至 1994-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3425709
• 关键词: afferent nerve; agglutinins; axon; brain stem; disease /disorder model; dynorphins; horseradish peroxidase; immunocytochemistry; inflammation; innervation; laboratory rat; paranasal sinus; sinusitis; trigeminal nerve

Greater than twenty percent of Americans (in 1991, over 50 million people) suffer from chronic inflammation of the nasal and sinus mucosa. These various inflammatory disorders are collectively grouped under the term rhinosinusitis. One of these disorders, allergic rhinitis, alone results in over 28 million restricted days, 6 million bedridden days, 5 million work-loss and school-loss days, and over one-half billion dollars in physician and drug expenses each year (from a national survey reported in 1975). Inflammation of the upper respiratory system clearly is a major problem for many people in the United States. The major specific aim of this preliminary research is to develop a greater understanding of the innervation of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses in the rat. A second specific aim is to develop a model of inflammation in the rat's nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Determining the central projections of the nerves innervating the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus will be accomplished by placing cotton pledgets soaked in horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutin (WGA- HRP) into the nasal cavity and the maxillary sinus. WGA-HRP is retrogradely transported by primary afferent axons to cell bodies located in the trigeminal ganglion; it then is transported transganglionically to terminals of the primary afferent fibers in the brain stem. In developing a model of rhinosinusitis in the rat, agents that have been used in other studies of inflammation will be used to determine the most appropriate one for use in the upper respiratory system. Many inflammatory agents injected into the hindpaw of the rat produce increases in opioid peptides localized to the lumbar spinal cord. Alterations in dynorphin in neurons located in the brain stem will be used to assess the extent of rhinosinusitis. In this model, increased dynorphin should be localized to areas of termination of the primary afferent fibers innervating the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Two immediate benefits will result from this research. First, information describing the innervation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses will provide the clinician with a more complete understanding of the reasons why different clinical pathologies often exhibit similar symptoms. For example, projections to the nucleus of the spinal trigeminal tract described in this research probably will overlap with projections, already described in the literature, from other structures. This convergence of different central projections may provide an explanation for the difficulty patients have in localizing different facial pains. Second, developing a model of rhinosinusitis in the rat to help evaluate the role of the nervous system in this inflammatory process will lead to pharmacological interventions, which are both safer and more effective than those available currently, for the treatment of rhinosinusitis.

超过百分之二十的美国人（1991年，超过5000万人） 患有鼻和鼻窦粘膜的慢性炎症。 这些 各种炎性疾病被统称为术语 鼻窦炎 这些疾病之一，过敏性鼻炎，单独的结果 在超过2800万个限制日，600万个卧床不起日，500万个 工作损失和学校损失的日子，以及超过15亿美元， 每年的医生和药物费用（来自2009年报告的全国调查） 1975年）。 上呼吸系统的炎症显然是一个主要的 这是美国许多人的问题。 这项初步研究的主要具体目标是开发一个 更好地了解鼻腔的神经支配和 大鼠的鼻旁窦。 第二个具体目标是建立一个模型， 老鼠鼻腔和鼻窦的炎症。 确定支配鼻腔的神经的中枢投射 将通过放置棉拭子完成腔和上颌窦 浸泡在辣根过氧化物酶结合麦胚凝集素（WGA- HRP）进入鼻腔和上颌窦。 WGA-HRP是 由初级传入轴突逆行运输到位于 在三叉神经节;然后它被transganglionically运输到 脑干中初级传入纤维的末端。 在大鼠鼻窦炎模型的开发中， 用于其他炎症研究将用于确定最 适用于上呼吸系统。 许多 注射到大鼠后爪中的炎性试剂产生增加的炎性反应。 在腰髓的阿片肽中。 的改变 位于脑干中的神经元中的强啡肽将用于评估 鼻窦炎的程度。 在这个模型中，强啡肽的增加应该是 定位于初级传入纤维的末端区域 支配鼻腔和鼻旁窦。 这项研究将带来两个直接的好处。 一是信息 描述鼻腔和鼻旁窦的神经支配将 使临床医生更全面地了解 为什么不同的临床病理往往表现出相似的症状。 为 例如，三叉神经脊束核的投射 这项研究中描述的可能会与预测重叠， 在文献中描述，从其他结构。 之间的协调一致 不同的中心投影可以提供对 患者在定位不同的面部疼痛方面存在困难。 第二、 在大鼠中建立鼻窦炎模型以帮助评估 神经系统在炎症过程中的反应会导致 药物干预，既安全又有效 治疗鼻窦炎的方法。