NEW CARDENOLIDES FROM ASCLEPIAS SPECIES

来自马利匹斯物种的新强心烯内酯

• 批准号: 3438629
• 负责人: STEVEN P LYNCH
• 金额: $ 6.71万
• 依托单位: LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY AT SHREVEPORT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-09-30 至 1990-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3438629
• 关键词: cardenolides; heart pharmacology; medicinal plants; muscle relaxants; muscle stimulant; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; plant extracts; plant physiology; thin layer chromatography

Cardenolides are a group of naturally occurring C23 steroids of medicinal, toxicological, and ecological importance. Toxic side effects from the 5-alpha H cardenolides currently used from the plant families Scrophulariaceae and Apocynaceae result in the major cause of drug induced deaths in hospitals. Recent evidence suggests that some 5-beta H cardenolides found in the milkweed family, Asclepiadaceae, may have considerably greater inotropic activity on vertebrate hearts than the clinically used 5-alpha H compounds. By isolating, purifying, and identifying cardenolides from previously unexplored milkweeds, new sources of cardenolides having a more advantageous therapeutic index may be provided for pharmacological analysis. Four expeditions are proposed to collect and process plant material from a wide variety of North American milkweeds. Spectroassay determinations of cardenolide concentrations and thin-layer chromatography of each species will be used to select species for additional study. Cardenolides will be isolated and purified from species with high concentrations of unidentified cardenolides by a variety of chromographic techniques. Purified compounds still unidentified after comparison with known cardenolide standards will be subjected to structural determination by a combination of chemical and high resolution spectrometry techniques including high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Field data on the abundance, phenology, ecological distributions, and pollinators of the milkweed populations visited during the study along with reference tlc cardenolide profiles should provide valuable insight concerning this taxonomically difficult plant family. Field work will also enable measures of milkweed host-plant utilization and cardenolide sequestration by monarch butterflies and other phytophagous insects, providing important data on the chemical ecology of milkweeds and their insect guild.

Cardenolides是一组天然存在的C23类固醇， 医学、毒理学和生态学的重要性。 毒副 目前使用的5-α H Cardenolides的影响 玄参科和夹竹桃科植物的主要结果是 医院里药物引起的死亡。 最近的证据 表明乳草中发现的5-β H强心内酯 萝摩科，可能具有相当大的正性肌力 比临床上使用的5-α H 化合物. 通过分离、纯化和鉴定强心内酯 从以前未开发的乳草中提取， 具有更有利的治疗指数 药理分析 四个探险队被提议收集 加工来自北美的各种植物材料 乳草 分光光度法测定镉 每种物质的浓度和薄层色谱法将 用于选择进一步研究的物种。 Cardenolides将 从具有高浓度的 通过各种色谱技术鉴定了未鉴定的强心内酯。 与已知化合物比较后，纯化的化合物仍未鉴别 将对标准的结构进行确定 通过化学和高分辨率光谱法的结合 包括高分辨率核磁共振技术 实验 关于丰富度、物候、生态 分布和传粉者的乳草种群访问 在研究期间，沿着参考TLC色谱图 应该提供有价值的见解，关于这一分类学 困难的植物家族 实地工作还将有助于采取措施， 马利筋寄主植物利用和Cardenostructures螯合 帝王蝶和其他植食性昆虫， 乳草的化学生态学及其 昆虫行会