Center for Low Emission Vehicle Research (CLEVeR)

低排放车辆研究中心(CLARE)是对现有设施的最先进设备升级，以允许在现实世界驾驶条件下研究低碳和超低碳液体燃料汽车以及新型电动和混合动力汽车(EV/HEV)平台。尽管传统燃料内燃机驱动的汽车仍将是未来的主导动力总成，但替代燃料汽车(AFV)以及向更多电动和混合动力汽车的转变将形成势头。欧盟新车二氧化碳法规要求，到2020年，欧盟每个制造商的平均二氧化碳排放量必须达到95克/公里。英国2012年的新车数据显示，2012年的平均速度为133.1克/公里，实现2020年的目标将是具有挑战性的。升级现有车辆设施的需求是由巨大的研究挑战推动的，这一挑战支撑了提供可持续的个人交通工具的必要性，这些交通工具减少或消除了对我们环境的二氧化碳排放。在帮助创造更清洁的环境和缓解气候变化方面，车辆设施内将要开展的工作的各个方面将直接解决我们这个时代最紧迫的问题之一。该设施将在英国独一无二，一个最先进的设施将被创建，允许研究新的二氧化碳减排技术，这些技术可以通过高实验精度进行评估。人们对技术本身进行了大量研究，但在复制真实世界条件的环境中，在系统层面上进行的研究很少。这样的设施在工业中可以找到，主要用于产品开发、支持车辆计划，通常不用于研究。这就是洗澡设施与其他设施的主要区别。该设施将是多用户的，我们的目标是提供一种包容和可访问的研究能力，目前许多学术甚至工业研究团队，特别是中小企业无法获得或根本不存在的研究能力。该设施旨在解决的一些重要研究领域如下：-当前的电动汽车/混合动力汽车系统因缺乏系统优化而受到阻碍，特别是在现实世界的驾驶条件下。该设施将提供一个环境，在这个环境中，世界领先的研究可以解决车辆上的能效和存储问题，以及组件和子系统的集成热管理，特别是在极端温度和湿度条件下。分布式电机系统的发展趋势要求采用这样的四轮系统。为评估发动机、控制器和电池的动态性能而设计的其他测量仪器也包括在内，以评估电气系统上的高频信号。-未来发动机开发和燃料研究的一个关键挑战是将燃料的物理和化学性质与燃烧特性、排放形成和排放控制系统联系起来。这一设施将使燃料科学家和车辆工程师能够在早期阶段更好地了解和更好地了解新燃料对排放、二氧化碳产生、车辆和发动机性能的影响。-驾驶员是车辆系统中最不可预测的因素，更好地了解驾驶员行为对于评估未来低碳二氧化碳推进和现实世界运行的子系统的有效性至关重要。-未来车辆技术的性能通常在立法驾驶周期内进行评估，如新欧洲驾驶周期(NEDC)。虽然这种方法经常指示趋势，但它不能提供关于这些系统在真实世界驾驶条件下相对于驾驶员需求和周围环境条件的操作的准确、稳健的信息。这一设施将使调查车辆使用环境和驾驶方式之间的相互作用成为可能。

The Centre for Low Emission Vehicle Research (CLEVeR) is a state-of-the-art equipment upgrade to an existing facility to allow research into low and ultra-low carbon liquid fueled vehicles as well as novel electric and hybrid electric vehicle (EV/HEV) platforms under real world driving conditions. Although conventionally fueled internal combustion engine powered vehicles will remain the dominant powertrain for the future, alternatively-fuelled vehicles (AFVs) and the shift to more electric and hybrids vehicles will gather momentum. The EU New Car CO2 Regulation mandates that by 2020 each manufacturer in the EU must average 95g/km of CO2. The UK new car figures for 2012 returned a 133.1 g/km average and achieving the 2020 target will be challenging.The requirement to upgrade the current vehicle facility has been driven by the large research challenge that underpins the need to provide sustainable personal transport that reduces or eliminates CO2 into our environment. In helping to make a cleaner environment and mitigate climate change, aspects of the work to be undertaken within the vehicle facility will directly address one of the most imperative issues of our time.The facility will be unique in the UK, a state-of-the-art facility will be created allowing research into new CO2 reducing technologies which can be assessed with a high degree of experimental precision. Much research is carried out on the technologies themselves, but very little is done at a systems level in an environment that replicates real world conditions.Facilities such as this are found in industry and are mainly used for product development, supporting vehicle programmes and are not generally used for research. That is the major difference between the Bath facility and others. The facility will be multi-user and we aim to provide an inclusive and accessible research capability currently prohibitive or non-existent to many academic and even industrial research teams and especially SMEs.Some important research areas that the facility has been designed to address are described below:-Current EV/HEV systems are hampered by a lack of system optimisation, particularly under real world driving conditions. The facility will deliver an environment where world leading research can address the on-vehicle issues of energy efficiency and storage, integrated thermal management of components and subsystems especially under extreme temperature and humidity conditions. The trend to distributed motor systems requires a four wheel system such as that proposed. Further measurement instruments designed to evaluate the dynamic performance of the motor, controller and battery are included to evaluate the high frequency signals on the electrical systems.-A key challenge of future engine developments and fuel research is linking the physical and chemical properties of the fuel with the combustion characteristics, emissions formation and emissions control systems. This facility will enable fuel scientists and vehicle engineers to work together to be more aware and better informed of the effects of new fuels, at an early stage, on emissions, CO2 production, vehicle and engine performance.-The driver is the least predictable element within the vehicle system and better insights into driver behaviour are essential in order to evaluate the effectiveness of future low carbon CO2 propulsion and sub-systems under real world operation.-The performance of future vehicle technologies are usually evaluated over legislative drive cycles such as the New European Drive Cycle (NEDC). While often indicative of trends, this method fails to provide accurate, robust information on the operation of these systems under real world driving conditions with respect to driver demands and ambient environmental conditions. This facility will enable investigations in to the interactions between the environment in which a vehicle is being used and the manner in which it is driven.