SYNTACTIC ANALYSIS AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING IN APHASIA

失语症的句法分析和语言处理

• 批准号: 3450144
• 负责人: Marcia Christine Linebarger
• 金额: $ 2.09万
• 依托单位: MOSS REHABILITATION HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-09-01 至 1987-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3450144
• 关键词: aphasia; cognition; human subject; language disorders; neural information processing; sensory disorder diagnosis; speech disorder diagnosis

The general aim of this study is to clarify the sentence-processing deficit in agrammatic Broca's aphasics, and thereby to contribute to an understanding of sentence-processing mechanisms more generally. The starting point for this research is a recent finding that despite their 'asyntactic' language comprenhension, a number of agrammatic Broca's aphasics were able to accurately judge grammaticality of English sentences embodying a wide range of syntactic deformations. Furthermore, a distinctive pattern of performance emerged among these subjects: they were able to assess certain constructions but not others. No such pattern was found in the performance of normals. The hypothesis that guides the proposed research is that this pattern reveals the limits of certain intact sentence processing mechanisms whose function appears to involve the retrieval of constituent structure but little or nothing else. The investigation will focus on further analysis of this pattern, and on the surprising disparity between the syntactic abilities that judgment tasks have revealed in these agrammatic subjects and the apparent inability on the part of these same subjects to make use of such abilities for the purposes of comprehension. These issues are explored through further development of the grammaticality judgment paradigm; exploration of the pattern of performance on this task within other aphasic populations, with particular concern for the issue of whether the pattern that has emerged is unique to agrammatism; close tracking of the relationship between sentence comprehension and judgments of grammaticality; cross-linguistic studies to determine whether agrammatic speakers of other languages demonstrate the same pattern observed in the English-speaking aphasic subjects; exploration of the possibility that the task may be able to chart quite accurately the course of recovery from aphasia; examination of the role of prosodic information in the grammaticality judgment paradigm; and, finally, a series of studies on normals which may provide crucial evidence about the source of the pattern and the nature of the agrammatic comprehension deficit. What seems particularly promising in this regard is the attempt to experimentally elicit the agrammatic pattern in normal subjects by embedding the grammaticality judgment test in a dual task paradigm.

本研究的总体目的是澄清重复加工缺陷 在语法布罗卡的失语症，从而有助于一个 更普遍地理解电子邮件处理机制。 这项研究的出发点是最近的一项发现，尽管他们 “语法”语言理解，一些语法布罗卡的 失语症患者能够准确地判断英语句子的语法性 体现了广泛的句法变形。 而且有 在这些受试者中出现了一种独特的表现模式： 能够评估某些结构，但不能评估其他结构。 没有这样的模式， 在正常人的表现中发现的。 指导这项研究的假设是， 揭示了某些完整句子处理机制的局限性， 功能似乎涉及组成结构的检索， 很少或没有别的。 调查将集中于进一步分析 这种模式，以及句法之间的惊人差异， 在这些语法实验中， 而这些人显然无法利用 这种能力的目的是为了理解。 这些问题都是通过进一步发展的语法性来探讨的 判断范式;对这一任务的执行模式的探索 在其他失语症人群中，特别关注的问题是， 出现的模式是否是语法学所独有的;接近 句子理解与判断关系的追踪 跨语言研究，以确定是否语法 其他语言的使用者也表现出同样的模式， 以英语为母语的失语症患者; 这项任务可能能够相当准确地描绘出恢复过程， 失语症;韵律信息在失语症中作用的检查 语法性判断范式;最后， 这些法线可能提供有关图案来源的关键证据 以及语法理解缺陷的本质。 什么似乎 在这方面特别有希望的是尝试通过实验 在正常受试者中通过嵌入 双任务范式下的语法性判断测试。