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Multi-functional aggregates for enhanced concrete performance and its application

增强混凝土性能的多功能骨料及其应用

基本信息

批准号：
EP/M003299/1
负责人：
Donald E Macphee
金额：
$ 55.29万
依托单位：
University of Aberdeen
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FM003299%2F1
关键词：
Multi functional aggregates enhanced concrete

项目摘要

Concrete materials are ubiquitous in the developed world due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness as a construction material, but their great potential for increased functionality remains underdeveloped. The prospect of 'multifunctional' concrete is not new; examples of reported research include photocatalytic and electrically conductive concretes and concretes with enhanced thermal and acoustic properties. The importance of the multifunctionality theme has driven some significant commercial interests, and some projects have even developed through to scaled demonstrations and commercial structures. Concretes comprise a binder (the cement), aggregate (stone in different size fractions) and water. There may be additional additives to provide setting control. Conventional approaches to the incorporation of functional materials to concrete have typically focused on modification of or addition to the binder phase (the cement powder). Performance can be strongly influenced by poor dispersibility or occlusion of the active additive by cement hydration products. The novel approach addressed here is in the dispersion of the active additive (photocatalyst or electrically conducting material) on the aggregate.Preliminary experiments have shown important improvements in performance when compared with conventional functionalizing approaches. Much of this can be attributed to the stabilization of active additive dispersion prior to mixing in the wet concrete. Spatial distribution on the aggregate is preserved during mixing and casting and, in some cases, porosity control of the aggregate can be expected to limit the degree of cement occlusion. For electrically conducting materials, continuity of contact throughout the matrix is important. By combining conductive aggregate with conventionally mixed conductive materials in the binder fraction, a more continuous, and therefore more conductive matrix can be expected.The project brings together groups from the UK and China with complementary expertise in photocatalysis and materials chemistry and focuses on photocatalytic and electrically conductive concretes. Each has applications with potentially high social and economic impacts. A concrete that electrically senses itself for structural defects or can de-ice itself without the use of de-icing salts would have obvious advantages and environmental benefits, and its improved electromagnetic shielding characteristics could be important in enhancing information security. Both the UK and China has centres of high population density and air pollution. China is also rapidly developing its built infrastructure, offering a significant and growing concrete surface area in intimate contact with the polluted atmosphere and an excellent opportunity for the support of photocatalysts. These are effective in the removal of environmental pollutants, particularly in urban areas where vehicular traffic emissions (containing volatile organic carbons (VOCs) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx)) are known to have adverse effects on the health of the population.

混凝土材料在发达国家无处不在，因为它们作为建筑材料的多功能性和成本效益，但它们增加功能的巨大潜力仍然没有得到开发。“多功能”混凝土的前景并不新鲜;已报道的研究实例包括光催化和导电混凝土以及具有增强的热和声学性能的混凝土。多功能主题的重要性已经推动了一些重大的商业利益，一些项目甚至已经发展到规模化的演示和商业结构。混凝土包括粘合剂（水泥）、骨料（不同粒度的石头）和水。可以存在另外的添加剂以提供凝固控制。将功能性材料掺入混凝土的常规方法通常集中于对粘合剂相（水泥粉末）的改性或添加。性能可能受到水泥水化产物对活性添加剂的不良吸收或封闭的强烈影响。本文所述的新方法是将活性添加剂（光催化剂或导电材料）分散在骨料上。初步实验表明，与传统的功能化方法相比，性能有了重要的改善。这在很大程度上可归因于在湿混凝土中混合之前活性添加剂分散体的稳定。在混合和浇注过程中，骨料的空间分布得以保持，在某些情况下，骨料的孔隙度控制有望限制水泥闭塞的程度。对于导电材料，贯穿基体的接触连续性是重要的。通过将导电骨料与粘结剂部分中的常规混合导电材料相结合，可以预期得到更连续的，因此更导电的基质。该项目汇集了来自英国和中国的团队，他们在光催化和材料化学方面具有互补的专业知识，专注于光催化和导电混凝土。每一种应用都具有潜在的高度社会和经济影响。一种混凝土，电感应自身的结构缺陷或可以自行除冰，而不使用除冰盐将具有明显的优势和环境效益，其改善的电磁屏蔽特性可能是重要的，在提高信息安全。英国和中国都是人口密度高、空气污染严重的中心。中国也在迅速发展其建筑基础设施，提供了与污染大气密切接触的显著且不断增长的混凝土表面积，并为支持光催化剂提供了极好的机会。这些方法能有效地清除环境污染物，特别是在城市地区，因为众所周知，车辆交通排放物（含有挥发性有机碳和氮氧化物）对人口健康有不利影响。