DYNAMIC ATTENDING AND THE PERCEPTION OF PATTERNS IN TIME

这项研究的目的是确定决定因素， 听众的能力，以检测，歧视，或识别，事件内 各种听觉和视听模式。 有待研究的模式 包括音调序列、频谱复杂的非语音声音、语音 和视听刺激。 计划进行四个相关的调查。 1. 注意音调模式中的信息。 这行 调查将利用适应性跟踪程序来评估变化 在纯音的检测阈值和频率分辨率方面， 模式作为与预期的时间开始或频率的偏差， 目标音调变化。 2. 注意到在频谱复杂的声音模式的事件。 这 研究的重点将放在光谱复杂事件的鉴别上 在时间模式中。 这些实验将检查-目标的 注意频谱复杂的声音模式以下程序 与纯音使用的类似。 3. 言语知觉中的动态期望。 动态的影响 语音识别的期望将在此研究 继续研究发音率背景效应（Kidd，1989）。 观察到的影响率预期的看法，发声， 塞音辅音将在各种语音环境中进行检查，以测试 影响的一般性，并更准确地确定基础， 言语中时间预期的产生。 4. 注意两种方式：视听刺激的感知。 跨通道对动态信息注意的影响 将使用非语音刺激来检查视听显示器。 这 调查将确定基于动态预期的 视觉信息可以促进听觉感知。 听众 不同水平的唇读能力和听觉能力将 得到考验

The aim of this research is to identify the factors that determine listeners' abilities to detect, discriminate, or identify, events within various types of auditory and audiovisual patterns. Patterns to be studied include sequences of tones, spectrally complex non-speech sounds, speech, and audiovisual stimuli. Four related lines of investigation are planned. 1. Attention to information in patterns of tones. This line of investigation will utilize adaptive tracking procedures to assess changes in detection thresholds and frequency resolving power for pure tones in patterns as the deviation from the expected temporal onset or frequency of a target tone varies. 2. Attention to events in patterns of spectrally complex sounds. This research will focus on the discrimination of spectrally complex events within temporal patterns. The experiments will examine-the targeting of attention in patterns of spectrally complex sounds following procedures similar to those used with pure tones. 3. Dynamic expectancies in speech_perception. The influence of dynamic expectancies on the identification of speech sounds will be studied in this continuation of research on articulatory-rate context effects (Kidd, 1989). The observed effect of rate expectations on the perception of voicing in stop consonants will be examined in a variety of speech contexts to test the generality of the effect and to determine more precisely the basis for the generation of temporal expectancies in speech. 4. Attending to two modalities: The perception of audiovisual stimuli. Cross-modality influences on attention to information in dynamic audiovisual displays will be examined using non-speech stimuli. This investigation will determine the extent to which dynamic expectancies based on visual information can facilitate auditory perception. Listeners with different levels of lip-reading proficiency and auditory capabilities will be tested.