MEMORY-BASED CONCEPT FORMATION

认知行为的一个基本组成部分涉及抽象规则 和形成概念。而对概念形成的研究 专门研究了在此过程中形成的抽象类型 编码、抽象也是作为以下计算的结果形成的 是对检索到的信息而不是对传入信息执行的。尽管 这种形式的概念性行为很普遍，但很少有 对操作的抽象过程进行系统研究 检索到的信息。当前提案的目标是制定一项 理解相互作用的一般框架 分类、抽象和记忆过程。实验是 建议调查一般特征和制约因素 与检索、重新编码和分析中存储的示例相关 形成泛化、构建范畴和 作出分类决策。的一般程序 实验是将分析类别信息的尝试推迟到 在对信息进行编码之后，以便抽象过程 对检索到的信息而不是传入的信息进行操作。结果是 拟议中的实验不仅将有助于 理解记忆和记忆之间相互作用的一般框架 抽象过程，也给我们理解了几个基本的 认知现象。 鉴于在许多情况下的分类任务，包括 精神健康领域，涉及从检索过程中获得大量信息， 这些实验的结果将与一些 发生在心理健康领域的分类过程。 基于记忆的抽象过程不仅适用于 按顺序检索和分析先前事件的治疗环境 对这些经历进行分类和概括，但也 关于临床医生做出的评估、诊断和治疗决定。 拟议的实验还调查了使用一些 决策规则和分类过程的实验也考察了 使用多个决策规则和分类过程， 是临床诊断的核心，例如对相关性的敏感性 (例如在心理症状和诊断类别之间)和 使用类别的原型表示(例如，在诊断中 分类)。一旦制约人类发展的基本认知过程 基于记忆的分类和决策是理解的，这 知识可用于提高多个 心理健康领域的分类任务，如 精神诊断学。

A fundamental component of cognitive behavior involves abstracting rules and forming concepts. While research on concept formation has exclusively examined the types of abstractions that are formed during encoding, abstractions are also formed as a result of computations that are performed on retrieved rather than incoming information. Despite the pervasiveness of this form of conceptual behavior, there has been little systematic investigation of abstraction processes that operate on retrieved information. The goal of the current proposal is to develop a general framework for understanding the interaction between categorization, abstraction, and memory processes. Experiments are proposed to investigate the general characteristics and constraints associated with retrieving, re-encoded, and analyzing stored examples in the process of forming generalizations, constructing categories, and making categorization decisions. The general procedure for the experiments is to delay attempts to analyze category information until after the information has been encoded, so that abstraction processes operate on retrieved rather than incoming information. The results of the proposed experiments will contribute not only to the development of a general framework for understanding the interaction between memory and abstraction processes, but also to our understanding of several basic cognitive phenomena. Given that categorization tasks in many circumstances, including the mental health area, involve substantial input from retrieval processes, the results of these experiments will have relevance to a number of categorization processes that occur in the mental health field. Memory-based abstraction processes not only apply to patients in a therapeutic environment who retrieve and analyze prior episodes in order to categorize and form generalizations about these experiences, but also on evaluation, diagnostic, and treatment decisions made by clinicians. The proposed experiments also investigate the use of a number of decision rules and categorization processes experiments also investigate the use of a number of decision rules and categorization processes that are central to clinical diagnosis, such as sensitivity to correlations (e.g. between psychological symptoms and diagnostic categories) and the use of prototypical representations of categories (e.g., in diagnostic classification). Once the basic cognitive processes that constrain memory-based classification and decision making are understood, this knowledge can be used to enhance performance on a number of classification tasks in the mental health field, such as psychodiagnosis.