TransEnergy - Road to Rail Energy Exchange (R2REE)

提出的研究重点是电动轨道交通系统和电动道路车辆（ev），并扩展到支持它们的供电网络。未来几年公路和铁路运输对电力的趋同，减少对化石燃料的依赖，提供了巨大的潜在好处，但也存在依赖单一燃料类型和对其潜在供应网络的峰值需求压力的风险。尽管化石燃料在环境方面存在缺陷，但它们具有提供固有能量存储的优势，从而使能源使用时间与供应时间不同步，并平滑供应网络的需求。电力使用的情况并非如此，目前只有有限的手段来平滑和减少需求。拟议的研究既涉及以适合运输使用的形式存储电能的技术，也涉及如何利用该技术减少总体能源需求的建模。交通能源需求的减少可以从两个时间尺度来看：(i)高峰时段通勤造成的每日两次需求，以及（ii）个别车辆所需的需求每分钟变化。这两个时间尺度都提出了可处理的研究问题，这些问题可以通过能量存储来解决。这项工作将研究围绕使用新电池和二次使用（旧）电动汽车电池作为线路侧存储的技术问题。这项研究将得到补充和加强，增加关于整个生命周期的环境问题的研究，以及消费者对这种使用的接受程度和立法限制。此外，电动汽车在公路到铁路（R2R）能源交换场景中的新用途将提供一个机会，探索在火车站停车场停车时使用车载电动汽车电池作为能量存储，并解决这种使用对消费者的影响，以及消费者的接受程度。该研究将通过八个相互关联的工作包来完成：WP1：英国铁路和公路运输中应用的储能技术的技术经济供应链分析；WP2：优化R2R能源交换的运输网络运行；WP3：电网模拟；wp4：多用途线路侧存储演示；WP5：演示数据分析和二次使用电动汽车电池；WP6：对用户的吸引力和实施激励；R2R通信、控制和接口WP8：项目管理

The focus of the research proposed is on electrically powered rail transport systems and electric road vehicles (EVs), and extends to the power supply network which supports them. The convergence over coming years of both road and rail transport on electric power with reduced dependence on fossil fuels offers great potential benefits, but also has risks from dependence on a single fuel type and peak demand stress on its underlying supply network. Although fossil fuels have environmental drawbacks they have the advantage of offering inherent energy storage, thereby desynchronising time of energy use from its supply, and smoothing demands on the supply network. This is not the case for electricity use in which there are currently only limited means to smooth and reduce demand. The proposed research addresses both the technology to store electric energy in a form suited to transport use, and the modelling to understand how to use the technology to reduce overall energy demand. Transport energy demand reduction can be viewed at two timescales: (i) a twice daily demand caused by rush hour commuting, and (ii) minute by minute variations in demand as required by individual vehicles. Both timescales pose tractable research questions which can be addressed by energy storage. The work will examine the technical issues surrounding the use of both new batteries, and second life (old) EV batteries as line-side storage. This study will be complimented and enhanced with the addition of research on through-life environmental issues, and the consumer acceptance and legislatory constraints surrounding this use. In addition, the novel use of EVs in a road to rail (R2R) energy exchange scenario will provide an opportunity to explore the use of in-car EV batteries as energy storage when parked in rail station car parks, and address the implications of this use on the consumers, together with the consumer acceptability. The research will be accomplished through eight interrelated work packages:WP1: Techno-economic supply chain analysis of energy storage technologies for application in UK rail and road transport WP2: Optimising transport network operation for R2R energy exchange WP3: Power network simulationWP4: Versatile line-side storage demonstration WP5: Demonstrator data analysis and second-life EV battery WP6: Attractiveness to users and incentives for implementation WP7: R2R Communications, control and interfacing WP8: Project Management