Ultra Battery Feasibility - Investigation into the combined battery-supercapacitor for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications

超级电池可行性 - 针对混合动力电动汽车 (HEV) 应用的组合电池-超级电容器的研究

• 批准号: EP/H050221/1
• 负责人: David Stone
• 金额: $ 17.73万
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FH050221%2F1
• 关键词: Ultra; Battery; Feasibility; Investigation; into

The UltraBattery feasibility study aims to focus on the mechanisms behind the operation of an experimentally derived, Lead-Acid based Battery / Carbon Supercapacitor hybrid. This will allow accurate modelling of the device operation, permitting accurate state-of-charge (SoC) and State-of-health (SoH) estimations to be achieved for use, in Vehicle Management Units, as part of the overall vehicle energy management strategy. A model of the hybrid battery will be produced, possibly based on an extension of a 'Randles model' derived for Lead-Acid batteries. The investigation will include the possible use of maximal length sequences to derive the parameters for such a model, and the use of an observer based system to track the SoC of the hybrid battery. The investigation will encompass both bench testing of the hybrid battery for extraction of parameters, and simulations to quantify the effects of parameter variation and implement observer structures for model verification against practical test results. An important aspect of the project will be the instrumenting of a hybrid battery to attempt to measure the current distribution throughout the negative plate of the hybrid during both steady-state and dynamic operation, as the way the current splits between the supercapacitor section of the plate and the standard technology (battery) section of the plate will be critical in determining the operation and subsequent ability to model the hybrid battery, during both discharge and recharge under regenerative braking. The determination of the charge acceptance efficiency will inform energy management systems in order to maximise a vehicles energy management strategy, and hence maximise it's recapture of regenerative energy and minimise the CO2 emissions from the vehicle. The models developed within this project will also benefit the wider academic community, in that they may be embedded within a systems level simulator, for example the DoE's ADVISOR program, allowing full appraisals of the cheaper lead-based technology to be carried out within various vehicle scenarios.The success of the project, in understanding the operation of the hybrid lead-based battery will enable lead-based technology to be utilised in hybrid-electric vehicles (HEV), something which has to date been avoided as the high rate, partial state-of-charge (HRPSoC) operation of a battery within a HEV leads to rapid sulphation of the negative battery plate, and hence significantly reduced lifetime from the battery. As HEVs only require small capacity batteries, the extra weight penalty of using lead-based technologies will not be a significant burden, although the significantly reduced cost will be very attractive. An extra point to the use of lead-based technology is the fact that a lead re-cycling infra-structure is already in place, and Lead-acid batteries present virtually no explosion risk, unlike many of the competitor technologies (Li-ion, NiMH). The price advantage of the lead-based ultra-battery, fully supported by models and SoC estimation will have a significant impact on the production costs of HEVs and hence the market take-up with the subsequent reduction of CO2 from the vehicle sector.

超级电池可行性研究的目的是关注实验衍生的铅酸电池/碳超级电容器混合动力背后的运作机制。这将允许对设备操作进行准确建模，从而实现准确的充电状态（SoC）和健康状态（SoH）估计，作为车辆整体能源管理策略的一部分，在车辆管理单元中使用。一种混合电池的模型将被生产出来，可能是基于衍生于铅酸电池的“Randles模型”的扩展。研究将包括可能使用最大长度序列来推导这种模型的参数，以及使用基于观测器的系统来跟踪混合动力电池的SoC。该研究将包括混合动力电池的台架测试以提取参数，以及模拟以量化参数变化的影响，并实施观测器结构以根据实际测试结果进行模型验证。该项目的一个重要方面将是测量混合电池在稳态和动态运行期间的电流分布，因为电流在极板的超级电容器部分和极板的标准技术（电池）部分之间的分裂方式将是决定混合电池运行和后续建模能力的关键。在再生制动下的放电和充电过程中。充电接受效率的确定将为能源管理系统提供信息，以便最大限度地提高车辆的能源管理策略，从而最大限度地回收可再生能源，并最大限度地减少车辆的二氧化碳排放。该项目中开发的模型也将使更广泛的学术界受益，因为它们可以嵌入到系统级模拟器中，例如美国能源部的ADVISOR计划，从而可以在各种车辆场景中对更便宜的铅基技术进行全面评估。该项目的成功，在理解混合铅基电池的操作方面，将使铅基技术能够应用于混合动力电动汽车（HEV），迄今为止，由于混合动力汽车中电池的高速率，部分充电状态（HRPSoC）操作导致电池负极板的快速硫酸化，因此大大减少了电池的使用寿命。由于混合动力汽车只需要小容量电池，使用铅基技术带来的额外重量损失不会是一个重大负担，尽管成本的显著降低将非常有吸引力。使用铅基技术的另一点是，铅回收基础设施已经到位，铅酸电池几乎没有爆炸风险，不像许多竞争对手的技术（锂离子电池，镍氢电池）。铅基超级电池的价格优势，得到了车型和SoC评估的充分支持，将对混合动力汽车的生产成本产生重大影响，从而对汽车行业后续二氧化碳减排的市场占有率产生重大影响。

项目成果

Spatially Resolved Measurements of Magnetic Fields Applied to Current Distribution Problems in Batteries

• DOI: 10.1109/tim.2014.2362432
• 发表时间: 2015-04
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
• 影响因子: 5.6
• 作者: James E. Green;D. Stone;M. Foster;A. Tennant

Modelling of high carbon UltraBatteries

高碳超级电池建模

• 作者: David Stone (Author)

A microcontroller-based state-of-health estimator for lithium-ion batteries

基于微控制器的锂离子电池健康状态估计器

• DOI: 10.1049/cp.2014.0519
• 发表时间: 2014
• 作者: Nejad S