The capability of the WITT Wave Energy Converter to generate megawatts of offshore power at a competitive LCOE

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The potential for harnessing significant amounts of clean renewable energy from ocean waves is vast. Commitments madeby the UK government and others to tackle climate change require an expansion in development and deployment ofrenewable technologies and it is widely recognised that ocean wave energy will play an important role in meeting futuretargets for the reduction of carbon emissions. Whilst significant advances have been made over the last 35 years indeveloping new ideas aimed towards producing robust and economically viable wave energy converters (WECs) thereremains no clear consensus on future direction of design and operation of WECs.In addition to supporting existing concepts, it is important that promising new ideas for wave energy conversion continue tobe explored. It is widely accepted that there are two key elements to a successful WEC design. First, the design should bedriven by fundamental theoretical principles of wave energy absorption as these ultimately determine the capacity forpower conversion. Second, prospective designs must take account of the significant engineering challenges that arisewhen operating in harsh marine environments.In a recent paper "A submerged cylinder wave energy converter" Crowley, Porter & Evans, Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2013, vol 716, (hereafter CPE) advocated a WEC design which sought to address these two demands. In particular, thedesign was assumed to use an internal power take-off system consisting of a pendulum rotating on a horizontal axis whose rotation was damped to produce power. Such a design benefits by its isolation from the marine environment, mechanicallyrobust by relying on few moving parts and free from end-stop problems associated with over-excitation of the device. Acombination of theoretical and numerical results demonstrated that the device of CPE extracts significant power over abroad range of energy-dense wave periods. Indeed, a mean capture factor more than double any existing WEC of its typewas predicted.The WITT developed by WITT Limited under whom this TSB grant is being led is closely related to the device conceived inthe work of CPE. Instead of a linear device working in surge/pitch modes of motion enclosed within a long cylinder, theWITT is a device designed for use in buoys. It not only converts power in surge and pitch modes but also in sway and roll.The WITT has been developed by specialists in gear transmission systems and has been shown to have high efficiency inconversion of kinetic to electric power. It is scalable and robust.The project being led by WITT includes partners specialising in mooring systems and marine deployment, power take-offdesign and manufacture and experimental methods including wave tank testing.In Bristol, the project will develop a theoretical model for the operation of the WITT WEC device as a spherical buoy eitherfloating or submerged, to include effect of the mooring lines, the device and its interaction with a model sea state and theinternal power take-off system. The work will be based on the earlier work of CPE, with changes implementated to accountfor the revised converter geometry, mooring line configuration and power take-off system. After verification tests have beencompleted, an optimisation method will be applied to determine parameters for optimal power conversion for WITT devicesover a range of physical scales.The work will develop in tandem with other partners on the project, in particular in developing the optimal mooring systemand through the validation of theoretical predictions by the experimental work performed in Southampton.The successful completion of this project will result in a set of experimentally-validated theoretical results for a WEC designwith the potential to be developed a larger scale and eventually to full scale commercialisation.