Recovering and processing of high value food and pharmaceutical ingredients from waste egg shells

诺丁汉特伦特大学（NTU）的贡献将反映其在该过程各个阶段的材料化学和生物分析方面的专业知识。除了科技学院的设施外，Carole Perry教授的生物分子与材料界面研究小组的研究设施将用于支持材料的商业开发。根据要求，将对材料进行分析，以确保它们符合拟议的制药和医疗保健应用（例如英国药典）的要求。材料收集和预处理评估/开发连续收集方法，包括：确定工艺关键因素的变化，如收集材料的有机含量、含水量、白蛋白和蛋黄污染、粒度。优化原料的运输和预处理稳定性（储存时间限制，温度限制，储存溶液浓度）。评估/开发初始加工方法：确定不同铣削参数（时间，初始含水量，铣削速度）产生的粒度，并开发优化的铣削参数和QC方法。确定不同干燥参数（时间，初始含水量，干燥速度）导致的粉末特性，并制定优化的干燥参数和质量控制方法。确定和检查加工原料的规格，如现场供水，碱和酒精（微量金属含量，元素分布和纯度），并制定原料的质量控制方法。分析服务，以确定初始加工输出的有效性（测试英国药典等级CaCO3）。初级加工对不同连续加工方法、条件和材料的迭代评价。工艺变量对工艺输出影响的评价：工艺；氢氧化钠浓度、酒精浓度/类型（乙醇或异丙醇）、加工过程中的研磨位置（加工前、加工中或加工后）。工艺条件;温度、处理量：进料质量比、时间和混合率。物料；持续监控原料和最终产品是否符合要求的规格（测试英国药典CaCO3级）。此外，过程中的中间阶段和原材料可在过程中回收的程度将在必要时进行监控/评估。将为该过程开发质量控制方法。二次加工-集聚不同连续集聚方法的迭代评价评价工艺变量对团聚过程的影响：从原子（晶体学）到微观和宏观尺度（显微镜学），包括颗粒和涂层孔隙率，加工对颗粒/团聚体尺寸（包括涂层厚度和结构）的影响。颗粒的有机含量，对配方pH值的影响和一般组成（化学和元素[如Fe， Al, Pb,As, Cd， Hg和总重金属]分析，碳酸钙纯度，水分含量）使用相关的分析，显微镜和光谱学方法。确定材料是否符合任何相关的法规标准。将与至少3种竞争材料进行比较研究。通过对产品输出进行分析测试以检查符合性，yntu将支持AvGo对迄今为止开发的工艺进行评估，例如对英国药典等级CaCO3进行测试，并在发现任何合规性问题时提供指导。南洋理工大学还将协助整合工艺操作，评估申请新知识产权的机会，并撰写最终项目报告。

Nottingham Trent University (NTU)'s contributions will reflect its expertise in the chemical and biological analysis ofmaterials at all stages of the process. The research facilities of the Prof. Carole Perry's Biomolecular & Materials InterfaceResearch Group will be utilised in addition to the facilities within the School of Science and Technology to support thedevelopment of the materials for commercial exploitation. As required, materials will be analysed to ensure that they meetthe requirements for proposed pharmaceutical and healthcare applications (e.g. British Pharmacopeia).Material Collection and Pre-Processing1. Evaluation/development of continuous collection methodologies, including:Determination of variation in process critical factors such as organic content, water content, albumin and yolkcontamination of collected material, particle sizing.Optimise transit and pre-processing stabilisation of raw material (storage time limits, temperature limits, concentration ofstorage solution).2. Evaluation/development of initial processing approaches:Determine particle sizing resulting from different milling parameters (time, initial water content, milling speed) and developoptimised milling parameters and QC methodology.Determine powder properties resulting from different drying parameters (time, initial water content, drying speed) and develop optimised drying parameters and QC methodology.Determine and check specification of processing raw materials e.g. site water supply, base and alcohol (trace metalscontent, elemental profile and purity) and develop QC methodology for raw materials.Analytical services to determine effectiveness of initial processing output (testing to British Pharmacopeia grade CaCO3).Primary ProcessingIterative evaluation of different continuous processing approaches, conditions and materials3. Evaluation of the influence of processing variables on process output:Process; NaOH concentration, alcohol concentration/type (ethanol or isopropanol), position of milling in process (before,during or after).Process conditions; temperature, volume of treatment: mass of feed material ratio, time and mixing rate.Materials; continuous monitoring of starting materials and end product in relation to the desired specification (testing toBritish Pharmacopeia grade CaCO3). In addition intermediate stages in the process and the extent to which raw materialscan be recycled in the process will be monitored/evaluated as necessary.QC methodology will be developed for the process.Secondary Processing - AgglomerationIterative evaluation of different continuous agglomeration approaches4. Evaluating the influence of processing variables on the agglomeration process:Influence of processing on particle/agglomerate size including coating thickness and structure from the atomic(crystallography) through to micro and macroscopic scales (microscopy) including particle and coating porosity.Organic content of particles, influence on formulation pH and general composition (chemical and elemental [e.g. Fe, Al, Pb,As, Cd, Hg and total heavy metals] analysis, purity of calcium carbonate, moisture content) using relevant analytical,microscopic and spectroscopy methods.Determine material compliance to any relevant regulatory standards pre and post-agglomeration.Comparative studies will be conducted with at least 3 competitor materials.Combination of process steps to demonstrate process complementarityNTU will support AvGo in evaluating the process developed to date though analytical testing of product output to checkconformity, e.g. testing to British Pharmacopeia grade CaCO3, and providing guidance in the event of any complianceissues detected.NTU will also assist in consolidation of process operations, evaluating opportunities to file for new intellectual property andcomposition of the final project report.