Measurements Platform for Materials at Multiple Extremes

电子和磁性材料对许多当前和可能的未来技术非常重要，例如用于低能量电力传输的超导体和用于传感器、信息存储和未来量子计算机的新磁铁。探索低温(或高温)、强磁场和高压极端条件下的性质对于发现新现象和帮助理解当前优秀的电子和磁性材料非常重要。为此，我们建议构建多个极端条件下材料的测量平台(MPMME)，作为一种独特的设备，用于测量多种极端温度(低至300MK或高达1000K)、磁场(高达14T)以及压力(高达100 Gpa)下的电和磁性质。这对于支持当前和未来从重费米子超导体到过渡金属氧化物再到分子磁体的各种材料的研究将是必不可少的。建议的MPMME由两部分组成：1.用于在温度和场的极端情况下测量物理性质(热容量、磁化率、电子和热输运)的商用仪器。2.将通过在CSEC(爱丁堡大学极端条件下的科学中心)设计和建造的辅助设备来增加运输和磁测量的高压能力，CSEC在高压研究仪器设计方面有着良好的记录。新的压力室将为MPMME提供最先进的压力能力，例如用于高频交流测量的非金属压力室，以及用于极高压力的兆巴钻石压腔。发现新的电子和磁性材料是一项挑战，需要化学家、物理学家和工程师的综合技能，申请者在这些不同学科中拥有深厚的背景，将结合起来实现我们发现具有显著性能的新材料的雄心勃勃的目标。通过使用MPMME设施进行测量，英国和国际合作将得到加强。它还将加强我们可以为我们的学生和PDRA提供的培训，并支持设备商业化和我们的外展活动。

Electronic and magnetic materials are important to many current and likely future technologies e.g. superconductors for low energy power transmission and new magnets for sensors, information storage and future quantum computers. Exploration of properties at extremes of low (or high) temperature, high magnetic field and high pressure is important to discover new phenomena and to help understand current outstanding electronic and magnetic materials.To do this we propose to construct the Measurements Platform for Materials at Multiple Extremes (MPMME) as a unique facility for measurements of electronic and magnetic properties under multiple extremes of temperature (down to 300 mK or up to 1000 K) and magnetic field (up to 14 T), and also pressure (up to 100 GPa). It will be essential for supporting current and future research on materials varying from heavy fermion superconductors to transition metal oxides to molecular magnets. The proposed MPMME has two parts; 1. A commercial instrument for physical property measurements (heat capacity, magnetic susceptibility, electronic and thermal transport) at extremes of temperature and field. 2. High pressure capabilities for transport and magnetic measurements will be added through auxiliary equipment designed and built in CSEC (the University of Edinburgh's Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions) which has a strong record of instrumentation design for high-pressure research. New pressure cells will provide state-of-the-art pressure capabilities for the MPMME such as non-metallic cells for high frequency AC measurements, and a Megabar diamond-anvil cell for very high pressures.The discovery of new electronic and magnetic materials is a challenge requiring the combined skills of chemists, physicists, and engineers and the applicants have strong backgrounds in these different disciplines that will be combined to achieve our ambitious goal of discovering new materials with notable properties. UK and international collaborations will be strengthened by measurements made with the MPMME facility. It will also augment the training that we can provide to our students and PDRA's, and underpin equipment commercialisation and our outreach activities.