Automorph: Bringing Rigor to the Creation of Morphing Interactive Devices

Automorph：为变形交互设备的创建带来严谨性

• 批准号: EP/P004342/1
• 负责人: Anne Roudaut
• 金额: $ 11.38万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FP004342%2F1
• 关键词: Automorph; Bringing; Rigor; Creation; Morphing

Today there are almost as many mobile phones and tablets as there are people on the earth. This is seven times more than the number of motor vehicles in the world. It is thus surprising that the industry of interactive device is still as such an elementary state, e.g. relying on manufacturer's gut feeling to choose the shape of devices - a static and planar rectangle resembling a brick. In comparison the automobile industry has made considerable advances since the first Benz Motor Car in 1879. It now has diligent models (fluid mechanics), systematic tools (simulation software, wind tunnels) and methods (composite lay-up) that brought rigor and innovation to the creation process, allowing the production of intelligent structures and morphing materials used in many systems (e.g. cars, wind turbines). We believe that time has come to bring similar rigor to the industry of interactive device in order to create phones, tablets or other devices that are not only adapted to human interaction but also exploit the advances made in some of the fundamental sciences used to create automotive (e.g. Fig.1 a reconfigurable touchscreen using Shape Memory Alloys).Such revolution could fundamentally transfigure the market of interactive devices, not only changing their shapes to be fully adapted to the human morphology, but also enabling morphing abilities: when launching a game, a phone would curl its edges to facilitate grasping with two hands; when writing an email, a tablet surface would transform into a keyboard to improve touch-typing; when teaching about the formation of continents, children would physically interact with and mould actuated surfaces in order to experience the impact of geological forces. These examples only scratch the surface in terms of ways in which we can interact with morphing interactive devices. This can radically change the way we interact with computers, making them universally versatile by endowing them with the ability to adapt themselves to the users in a natural way.However, implementation of morphing interactive devices is far off despite tremendous breakthroughs in advanced materials. The problem is that tools and methods are confined to the automotive industry, focused on large-scale systems rather than small scale ones, and whose outcomes are out-of-reach of researchers with no expertise in material engineering. More importantly the entire design process requires a profound rethinking, as the underlying models do not apply anymore (e.g. fluid mechanics). Instead we need models of human interactions that are substantially more complex, encompassing not only the physical aspects of interaction (motor) but also human cognition and perception. Such models will not only help creating tools and methods for the interactive devices industry, but also contribute an unprecedented understanding of how shapes provide affordances (quality of an object to tell us how it wants to be used and how it helps us to use it) that can unleash the humans' interactive potential.

如今，移动的手机和平板电脑几乎和地球上的人口一样多。这是世界机动车数量的7倍。因此，令人惊讶的是，交互设备行业仍然是这样一个初级状态，例如，依靠制造商的直觉来选择设备的形状-一个静态的平面矩形，类似于砖块。相比之下，自1879年第一辆奔驰汽车问世以来，汽车工业已经取得了相当大的进步。它现在拥有勤奋的模型（流体力学），系统的工具（模拟软件，风洞）和方法（复合材料铺层），为创造过程带来了严格和创新，允许生产智能结构和变形材料用于许多系统（例如汽车，风力涡轮机）。我们相信，现在是时候为交互设备行业带来类似的严谨性，以便创造出不仅适合人类互动，而且还利用用于创造汽车的一些基础科学的进步的手机，平板电脑或其他设备。（例如，图1是使用形状记忆合金的可重新配置的触摸屏）。这种革命可以从根本上改变交互设备的市场，不仅改变它们的形状以完全适应人类的形态，而且还实现了变形能力：当启动游戏时，手机会卷曲其边缘以便于双手抓握;当写电子邮件时，平板电脑表面将转变为键盘以改善触摸打字;在讲授大陆的形成时，儿童将与驱动表面进行身体互动并塑造驱动表面，以体验地质力的影响。这些例子只是触及了我们与变形交互设备交互的方式的表面。这可以从根本上改变我们与计算机交互的方式，使它们具有以自然的方式适应用户的能力，从而使它们具有普遍的多功能性。然而，尽管先进材料取得了巨大的突破，但变形交互设备的实现还很遥远。问题是，工具和方法仅限于汽车行业，专注于大规模系统而不是小规模系统，其结果是没有材料工程专业知识的研究人员无法企及的。更重要的是，整个设计过程需要深刻的反思，因为基础模型不再适用（例如流体力学）。相反，我们需要更加复杂的人类互动模型，不仅包括互动的物理方面（运动），还包括人类的认知和感知。这些模型不仅有助于为交互设备行业创造工具和方法，而且还有助于前所未有地理解形状如何提供启示（物体的质量告诉我们它想要如何使用以及它如何帮助我们使用它），从而释放人类的交互潜力。

项目成果

MorphBenches: Using mixed reality experimentation platforms to study dynamic affordances in shape-changing devices

MorphBenchs：使用混合现实实验平台来研究形状变化设备的动态可供性

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2019.07.006
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Cano C

Finding Information on Non-Rectangular Interfaces

查找有关非矩形接口的信息

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Florine Simon

Autogrip: Enabling Force Feedback Devices to Self-Attach to End-Users' Fingers

Autogrip：使力反馈设备能够自动附着到最终用户的手指上

• DOI: 10.1145/3427312
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
• 作者: Barnaby G

Designing for Multiple Hand Grips and Body Postures within the UX of a moving Smartphone

针对移动智能手机的用户体验中的多种握持方式和身体姿势进行设计

• DOI: 10.1145/3196709.3196711
• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Eardley R

Sampling molecular conformations and dynamics in a multi-user virtual reality framework

在多用户虚拟现实框架中对分子构象和动力学进行采样

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1801.02884
• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Connor M