Flood Prediction using real time sensing Emergency Water Information Networks over mobile phone networks and WiFi (EWIN)

我们正在研究如何通过移动电话系统使用远程水感测来真实的实时监测洪水。随着气候变化的预测影响，洪水将成为一个全球性问题。提前几分钟的预警是重要的，现代洪水预警系统对于一个国家保护其人民和发展和发展其城镇至关重要。洪水是人类必须科普的最严重的自然灾害，洪水的长期影响具有严重的不良社会后果。与拥有成熟防洪系统的英国不同，许多国家负担不起这项技术，对洪水的反应也很差。然而，许多发展中国家的城镇现在确实可以使用现代蜂窝电话网络。因此，在这个项目中，我们将发现如何使用移动的电话网络与WiFi相结合，以帮助各国应对气候变化。来自英国和墨西哥的两个研究小组，在小型公司的支持下，水利工程和嵌入式电子领域的专家聚集在一起，研究如何通过现代电话系统进行真实的洪水监测，如何迅速使易受洪水影响的国家对这一最严重的自然灾害更具复原力。为了改善洪水预测，需要解决几个研究领域。简而言之，用于真实的时间洪水预测的数据需要在正确的地方和正确的时间被感测，在恶劣的条件下被传输，在云中被融合，并被用来制作可靠的洪水预测模型。我们的研究利用英国在水利工程和无线电通信方面的专业知识，补充墨西哥在水利工程、数据网络和企业方面的知识，解决了上述每个领域的问题。在项目结束时，我们将为墨西哥测量一个完整的洪水预测网络的一部分，并建立模型，在这个过程中，我们将了解洪水之前、期间和之后的水行为。墨西哥是一个极端的国家，旱季几乎没有任何降雨福尔斯，雨季河流中的水量在英国是看不到的。对于英国来说，气候变化预计将意味着更动态和更密集的大尺度天气影响，因此英国以及墨西哥和许多其他国家都将受益匪浅。结合背景研究，传感器包的原型设计和水道建模，我们的团队将进行一系列高度针对性的实地试验在英国的小规模河流和湖泊，在墨西哥的相对可预测和中等规模，我们将在真实的时间内研究洪水事件。两种新的令人兴奋的水传感技术，一个使用多普勒雷达，另一个使用类似的技术，以人脸识别将用于第一次在这项工作中，以检测水的条件之前和期间的洪水事件。这两种技术很特别，因为它们不需要在水中，因此比传统传感器更难被冲走。我们打算使用一个便携式系统，可以迅速部署在可能发生洪水的地区，在洪水退去之前提供急需的预警和监测水位。

We are working on ways to monitor flooding in real time using remote water sensing over cellular phone systems. With the predicted impacts of climate change flooding will be a global problem. Minutes of advance warning are important and modern flood warning systems are critical for a country to protect its people and develop and grow its towns and cities. Flooding is the most serious of natural disasters mankind has to cope with in terms of loss of life and the long term effects of flooding have severely adverse social consequences. Unlike the UK that has a mature flood defence system, many countries have not been able to afford the technology and have poor response to flooding. However, many developing countries do now have access to modern cellular phone networks in their towns and cities. So in this project we will discover how to use mobile phone networks combined with WiFi to help countries tackle climate change.Two teams of researchers from the UK and Mexico, supported by small companies with experts in the fields of water engineering and embedded electronics have come to together to investigate how real time flood monitoring can be done over modern phone systems to provide modern water engineering infrastructure in a cost effective way to quickly make countries vulnerable to flooding more resilient to this most serious of natural disasters.To improve flood prediction several areas of research need to be addressed. Concisely, the data for real time flood prediction needs be sensed in the right place and at the right time, transmitted in harsh conditions, fused in the cloud and used to make reliable flood prediction models. our research addresses each of these areas using UK expertise in Water Engineering and Radio Communications to complement Mexican knowledge of Water Engineering, Data Networks and Enterprise.At the end of the project we will have measured parts of and modelled a complete flood prediction network for Mexico and in the process understood how water behaves before, during and after flooding. Mexico is a country of extremes with a dry season where hardly any rain falls and rainy season with volumes of water in rivers unseen in the UK. For the UK climate change is predicted to mean more dynamic and intensive large scale weather effects so there are significant benefits the United Kingdom as well as Mexico and many other countries.Combined with background research, prototyping of sensors packages and waterway modelling, our teams will be conducting a series of highly targeted field trials - small scale in the UK where rivers and lakes and relatively predictable and medium scale in Mexico where we will seek flood events to be studied in real time.Two new exciting water sensing technologies, one that uses Doppler radar and another that using similar techniques to face recognition will be used for the first time in this work to detect the water conditions prior and during a flood event. The two techniques are special because they do not need to be in the water and are therefore much harder to wash away than traditional sensors. We intend to use a portable system that can be deployed quickly in areas that may flood to give much needed advanced warning and monitor water levels during the time before the water recedes.