UKCRIC - Bristol Soil-Foundation-Structure Interaction Facility (SoFSI)

UKCRIC的主要动机是降低基础设施的成本，并从中提取更多的价值。认识的不确定性是这些成本和价值问题的核心。UKCRIC最初的提案提出，需要进行大规模到原型规模的实验，作为解决关键认识不确定性的一个重要部分。土-基础-结构相互作用是不确定性最大的课题之一。目前的工程方法和实践规范倾向于分别处理问题的三个要素，并且通常仅通过最粗糙的方法引入它们的耦合。因此，是否考虑整体系统响应，特别是动态载荷的影响，缺陷和好处，知之甚少。这导致了许多设计中的过度保守，由于感知到的不确定性而限制了创新，并且在某些情况下导致了意外的失败，特别是在地震和其他动态载荷方面。传统的小规模实验室建模和现有的数值模拟技术无法可靠地捕捉这些整体系统响应的影响。UKCRIC科学案例成功地论证了基于这些理由需要大规模动态土壤-地基-结构相互作用设施。UKCRIC土壤-地基-结构相互作用设施（SoFSI）将在布里斯托大学建造，将是一个大型户外大院，配备模块化反应墙、反应板、伺服液压和其他设备以及办公空间，其可以被重新配置和增强以适应特定实验的需要。设想的大院将为150 x50米，并将有一个简单的、可复原的碎石床，在其顶部可铺设模块化反应板或其他适当的表面准备，以适应实验的需要。安全的模块化办公室将以ISO标准集装箱模式为基础。反应墙和土壤样本容器将由大型联锁钢筋混凝土块建造，这些钢筋混凝土块可以一起预加应力，或由钢梁支撑，以获得强度和刚度。这些块体将被详细设计，以容纳致动器和其他设备附件，并促进安全访问和工作条件等要求。敏感设备，如执行机构和液压动力组模块，将封闭在专门设计的防风雨外壳内。控制室将设在移动的办公室内，位于实验现场，并根据实验需要进行配置。如有必要，将通过覆盖整个钻机的脚手架外壳提供整体环境保护。SoFSI设施将成为UKCRIC布里斯托合作实验室（生活实验室）的一个节点，通过高性能网络连接到创新的布里斯托开放（BIO）IT网络基础设施（www.bristolisopen.com）。合作实验室的可访问的参与和共同制作空间，具有先进的数据可视化功能，并与BIO连接，将允许广泛的用户参与和参与SoFSI活动的共同制作。通过BIO连接和合作实验室功能，基础设施专业人员，业主和企业将能够与学术界合作，构思和执行SoFSI实验计划，并更容易地访问和使用所产生的数据。合作实验室共同制作空间将向公民和年轻人开放，卫星节点位于城市地区周围的学校，学院和社区中心。这将使UKCRIC SoFSI社区能够积极参与这些团体，提高公众对研究的认识，最重要的是，刺激未来工程师和基础设施专业人员的管道。

The primary motivation of UKCRIC is to drive down the cost of infrastructure and to extract increased value from it. Epistemic uncertainty is at the heart of these cost and value issues. The original UKCRIC proposal set out the need for large to prototype scale experimentation as an essential part of resolving key epistemic uncertainties. Soil-foundation-structure interaction (SFSI) is one of the topics carrying greatest uncertainty. Current engineering methods and codes of practice tend to treat the three elements of the problem separately and usually only introduce their coupling through the crudest of means. As a result, the implications, deficiencies and benefits of whether or not to consider the holistic system response, especially for dynamic loadings, are poorly understood. This leads to over-conservatism in many designs, to restrictions on innovation due to the perceived uncertainties, and in some cases to unexpected failures, particularly where earthquake and other dynamic loads are concerned. Conventional smaller scale laboratory modelling and available numerical modelling techniques are unable to capture reliably many of these holistic system response effects. The UKCRIC scientific case successfully argued the need for a large scale dynamic soil-foundation-structure interaction facility on these grounds.The UKCRIC Soil-Foundation-Structure Interaction Facility (SoFSI), to be built at the University of Bristol, will be a large outdoor compound populated with modular reaction walls, reaction slabs, servo-hydraulic and other equipment and office spaces, which can be reconfigured and augmented to suit the needs of particular experiments. The envisaged compound will measure 150x50m and will have a simple, reconstitutable, crushed rock bed on top of which modular reaction slabs or other suitable surface preparations may be applied to suit the needs of the experiment. Secure modular offices will be based on ISO standard shipping container patterns. Reaction walls and soil specimen containers will be built from large interlocking reinforced concrete blocks that can be pre-stressed together, or bolstered by steel beams, for strength and stiffness. The blocks will be detailed to accommodate actuator and other equipment attachments, and to facilitate safe access and working conditions amongst other requirements. Sensitive equipment, such as actuators and hydraulic power pack modules, will be enclosed in purpose designed weather-proof enclosures. Control rooms will be in mobile offices, positioned locally to the experiment and configured to suit the needs of the latter. Where necessary, overall environmental protection will be provided by clad scaffolding envelopes over the whole rig.The SoFSI facility will be a node of the UKCRIC Bristol Collaboratory (living laboratory) through a high performance network connection to the innovative Bristol Is Open (BIO) IT network infrastructure (www.bristolisopen.com). The Collaboratory's accessible engagement and co-production spaces, with advanced data visualisation capabilities, and connections to BIO, will allow broad user engagement and participation in the co-production of SoFSI activities. Through the BIO connection and Collaboratory capabilities, infrastructure professionals, owners and businesses will be able to work with academics to conceive and execute SoFSI experimental programmes and to access and use the resulting data more readily. The Collaboratory co-production spaces will be open to citizens and young people, with satellite nodes being located in schools, colleges and community centres around the city-region. This will enable the UKCRIC SoFSI community to engage actively with these groups, raising public awareness of the research and, most importantly, stimulating the pipeline of future engineers and infrastructure professionals.