Fundamental study of biofuel combustion: flame stabilisation and emissions using advanced optical diagnostics

生物燃料燃烧的基础研究：使用先进光学诊断的火焰稳定和排放

• 批准号: EP/S017259/1
• 负责人: Ruoyang Yuan
• 金额: $ 43.81万
• 依托单位: Loughborough University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FS017259%2F1
• 关键词: Fundamental; study; biofuel; combustion; flame

World-wide, energy conversion is currently dominated by the combustion of fossil fuels. Electricity generation and transport are key energy consumers and contribute significantly to atmospheric CO2, NOx, and particulate emission. There is an increasing awareness in the public eye of the potential impact of particulates on health. This includes a higher risk of cancer, asthma and a potential contribution to neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease). In the UK, particulate matter (PM) from combustion processes is a significant contributor to poor air quality in urban areas; it has been reported that more than 25,000 deaths per year could be attributed to long-term exposure to anthropogenic particulate air pollution. As reported by DEFRA, poor air quality is the largest environmental risk to public health in the UK, contributing to an estimated £2.7 billion per year in lost productivity. Air pollution also results in damage to the natural environment, contributing to the acidification of soil and watercourses. An obvious solution might be to move towards the replacement of vehicles with electric, however, this technology is limited by range, recharge times and the cost of the battery - for which there is currently not the sufficient global infrastructure to directly replace vehicles powered by internal combustion engine powered. Another complementary solution is to find alternative fuels that are tailored to reduce destructive emissions such as NOx and particulates. This has the advantage that it could be rapidly deployed due to the overlap with existing fuel station infrastructure.The main aim of the proposed research is to provide a fundamental understanding of the combustion performance and emissions characteristics of key biofuels. This is vital knowledge to aid the development of next-generation low carbon technologies. The key objectives are: (1) to provide high-quality experimental data from a study of spray flame behaviour and emissions using advanced optical diagnostic techniques such as laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and laser-induced fluorescence, (2) to develop new combustion chemical kinetic models, based on COSILAB (Combustion Simulation Laboratory software), predicting soot and NOx emissions and (3) to establish collaborations with industrial and academic partners to investigate power generation and transport applications for next-generation biofuels. In the proposed research, the targeted biofuels are: (1) ethanol, (2) iso-pentanol, (3) dimethyl ether (DME) and (4) combined fuels - ethanol, iso-pentanol, DME and biomethane. These key fuels are potentially next-generation biofuels. The production paths of these fuels are either well established or achievable. Ethanol and DME have already shown evidence of reduced emissions from engine tests. The understanding of combustion chemistry is essential to enable the delivery of a low NOx and soot emission combustion system. How the local chemistry is influenced by various turbulent flow conditions will be examined in detail.

在世界范围内，能源转换目前主要是燃烧化石燃料。发电和运输是主要的能源消耗者，并对大气中的二氧化碳、氮氧化物和颗粒物排放做出重大贡献。公众越来越意识到颗粒物对健康的潜在影响。这包括患癌症、哮喘的风险较高，以及可能导致神经退行性疾病（例如，阿尔茨海默病）。在英国，燃烧过程中产生的颗粒物（PM）是城市地区空气质量差的重要因素;据报道，每年有超过25，000人的死亡可归因于长期暴露于人为颗粒空气污染。根据DEFRA的报告，空气质量差是英国公共卫生面临的最大环境风险，每年造成约27亿英镑的生产力损失。空气污染还造成对自然环境的破坏，导致土壤和水道酸化。一个明显的解决方案可能是转向电动汽车的替代，然而，这项技术受到范围，充电时间和电池成本的限制-目前没有足够的全球基础设施来直接取代由内燃机驱动的车辆。另一个补充解决方案是寻找替代燃料，专门用于减少NOx和颗粒物等破坏性排放。其优点是，由于与现有的燃料站基础设施重叠，因此可以快速部署。拟议研究的主要目的是提供对关键生物燃料的燃烧性能和排放特性的基本了解。这是帮助开发下一代低碳技术的重要知识。主要目标是：（1）利用激光诱导击穿光谱和激光诱导荧光等先进的光学诊断技术研究喷雾火焰行为和排放物，提供高质量的实验数据，（2）在COSILAB的基础上开发新的燃烧化学动力学模型（燃烧模拟实验室软件），预测烟尘和氮氧化物的排放，以及（3）与工业和学术合作伙伴建立合作关系，研究下一代生物燃料的发电和运输应用。在拟议的研究中，目标生物燃料是：（1）乙醇，（2）异戊醇，（3）二甲醚（DME）和（4）混合燃料-乙醇，异戊醇，DME和生物甲烷。这些关键燃料可能是下一代生物燃料。这些燃料的生产途径要么是成熟的，要么是可以实现的。乙醇和二甲醚已经从发动机测试中显示出减少排放的证据。燃烧化学的理解是必不可少的，以实现低NOx和碳烟排放燃烧系统的交付。将详细研究各种湍流条件对局部化学的影响。

项目成果

Measurement of black carbon emissions from multiple engine and source types using laser-induced incandescence: sensitivity to laser fluence

使用激光诱导白炽光测量多种发动机和来源类型的黑碳排放：对激光注量的敏感性

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-15-241-2022
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Yuan R

Application of Planar Time-Resolved 2C-LII for Soot Emission Measurements in Diffusion Flames of DME Blends and in Swirl Spray Flames

• DOI: 10.2514/6.2022-1942
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum
• 作者: Abdallah Abu Saleh;T. Knight;R. Yuan

Soot particle size distribution measurements in a turbulent ethylene swirl flame

• DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.212
• 发表时间: 2021-04-10
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: De Falco, Gianluigi;El Helou, Ingrid;Mastorakos, Epaminondas
• 通讯作者: Mastorakos, Epaminondas