Integrated heating and cooling networks with heat-sharing-enabled smart prosumers

集成供暖和制冷网络以及支持热共享的智能产消者

• 批准号: EP/T022795/1
• 负责人: Meysam Qadrdan
• 金额: $ 109.09万
• 依托单位: CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FT022795%2F1
• 关键词: Integrated; heating; cooling; networks; heat

Project aimThis project proposes a solution for integrated supply of zero carbon heating and cooling using near ground temperature networks that enable buildings to use heat pumps and cooling machines to exchange thermal energy with the network and meet their heating and cooling demand. When a building demands cooling, it rejects its excess heat to the network that can balance the heating demand of another buildings. Therefore, in this project we refer to such networks as 'balanced heating and cooling network' (BHCN). Key contributions of this research are: (i) To investigate the optimal design and operation of BHCN using a multi-objective optimisation approach to balance costs of the system and the value it can provide to the whole power grid via providing flexibility services. In particular, we will examine inter-seasonal heat storage, and also the feasibility of using NH3 and CO2 (as alternatives to water) for heat transport mediums in BHCNs. (ii) To design a local heat market that enables peer-to-peer (P2P) heat sharing to maximise the use of zero carbon sources of thermal energy on-site, and (iii) To identify technical, regulatory and policy barriers against implementing BHCNs (i.e. managing the transition from status quo to BHCN). This research will also build significant UK research capacity in zero carbon and ambient temperature heat networks.BackgroundThe need for decarbonising heat supply: According to the 2017 Clean Growth Strategy, the UK Government believes 'decarbonising heat is our most difficult policy and technology challenge to meet our carbon targets'. Progress on energy efficiency and low carbon heat provision remains below expected levels and natural gas infrastructure continues to be expanded which poses risk to achieving the recently set net zero goal for 2050. The role of heat networks: The Clean Growth Strategy suggests 17% of domestic heat and between 17% and 24% of service sector heat could be provided through heat networks in 2050. The Committee on Climate Change suggests around 5 million homes could use district heat by 2050 based on techno-economic modelling. However, heat network growth is slow despite requiring around a tenfold increase from the current level by 2050. The growing demand for cooling: Coinciding with the crucial need for supplying low carbon heat, the demand for cooling is also increasing in the UK (and globally) due to population increase and climate change impacts which are leading to more frequent heatwaves and temperature rises. According to BRE, up to 10% of all UK electricity use is for air conditioning and cooling. Because of this established trend toward increased use of cooling, the proportion of UK electricity used for cooling is expected to rise further. A potential solution for zero carbon supply of heating and cooling: Balanced Heating and Cooling Networks (BHCN), are a form of district heating system which circulates water at near ground temperature to buildings allow them to use their own heat pumps to extract heat for heating, or to export heat to the network when cooling is required. BHCNs address many of the drawbacks of conventional heat networks through operating at reduced temperature and therefore minimising heat losses and reduce the cost of highly insulated pipes. They also open up opportunities for integrating various sources of renewable heat into the networks. The circuit can also be extended to new buildings at limited cost.Work ProgrammeWP1 - Case study definitionWP 2 - Assessing renewable heat sources and inter-seasonal storageWP 3 - Techno-economic appraisal of BHCNWP 4 - Development of a methods and tools for Peer-to-Peer (P2P) heat sharingWP 5 - Managing implementation and transition to BHCNs

项目目标该项目提出了一种利用近地温网络进行零碳供暖和制冷一体化供应的解决方案，使建筑物能够使用热泵和冷却机与网络交换热能，满足其供暖和制冷需求。当建筑物需要冷却时，它将多余的热量排放到网络中，从而平衡其他建筑物的供暖需求。因此，在这个项目中，我们将此类网络称为“平衡供热和制冷网络”（BHCN）。这项研究的主要贡献是：（i）使用多目标优化方法来研究 BHCN 的优化设计和运行，以平衡系统成本和通过提供灵活性服务为整个电网提供的价值。特别是，我们将研究跨季节储热，以及在 BHCN 中使用 NH3 和 CO2（作为水的替代品）作为热传输介质的可行性。 (ii) 设计一个本地供热市场，实现点对点 (P2P) 热量共享，以最大限度地利用现场零碳热能来源，以及 (iii) 确定实施 BHCN 的技术、监管和政策障碍（即管理从现状到 BHCN 的过渡）。这项研究还将增强英国在零碳和常温供热网络方面的重要研究能力。背景供热脱碳的需求：根据2017年清洁增长战略，英国政府认为“供热脱碳是我们实现碳目标最困难的政策和技术挑战”。能源效率和低碳供热方面的进展仍然低于预期水平，天然气基础设施继续扩大，这对实现最近设定的 2050 年净零目标构成风险。供热网络的作用：清洁增长战略建议，到 2050 年，17% 的家庭供热和 17% 至 24% 的服务业供热可通过供热网络提供。气候变化委员会建议，基于技术经济，到 2050 年，约 500 万家庭可以使用区域供热 建模。然而，尽管到 2050 年需要比当前水平增加约十倍，但供热网络的增长仍然缓慢。 冷却需求不断增长：与供应低碳供热的迫切需求相一致，由于人口增长和气候变化影响导致更频繁的热浪和气温升高，英国（以及全球）的冷却需求也在增加。根据 BRE 的数据，英国 10% 的电力用于空调和制冷。由于冷却使用增加的既定趋势，英国用于冷却的电力比例预计将进一步上升。零碳供暖和制冷的潜在解决方案：平衡供热和制冷网络（BHCN）是区域供热系统的一种形式，该系统将接近地温的水循环到建筑物中，允许建筑物使用自己的热泵提取热量进行加热，或者在需要冷却时将热量输出到网络。 BHCN 通过在降低的温度下运行来解决传统热网的许多缺点，从而最大限度地减少热损失并降低高度隔热管道的成本。它们还为将各种可再生热源整合到网络中提供了机会。该电路还可以以有限的成本扩展到新建筑。工作计划WP1 - 案例研究定义WP 2 - 评估可再生热源和跨季节储存WP 3 - BHCN 的技术经济评估WP 4 - 开发点对点（P2P）热共享的方法和工具WP 5 - 管理实施和向BHCN 的过渡

项目成果

Seasonal Storage of Heat in Boreholes

钻孔中的季节性热量储存

• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Gao W

Modelling of Electrical-Thermal-Hydraulic System Interdependencies in 5th Generation District Heating and Cooling Networks

第五代区域供热和制冷网络中电气-热力-液压系统相互依赖性的建模

• DOI: 10.46855/energy-proceedings-9460
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Jonathan J

A numerical study on performance efficiency of a low-temperature horizontal ground-source heat pump system

• DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2023.113137
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Energy and Buildings
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: W. Gao;S. Masum;Meysam Qadrdan;Hywel Rhys Thomas

Dynamic energy flow analysis of the heat-electricity integrated energy systems with a novel decomposition-iteration algorithm

利用新颖的分解迭代算法进行热电综合能源系统的动态能量流分析

• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119492
• 发表时间: 2022-09
• 期刊: Applied Energy
• 影响因子: 11.2
• 作者: Shuai Yao;Wei Gu;Jianzhong Wu;Hai Lu;Suhan Zhang;Yue Zhou;Shuai Lu
• 通讯作者: Shuai Lu

Blockchain Enabled Decentralized Local Electricity Markets With Flexibility From Heating Sources

• DOI: 10.1109/tsg.2022.3158732
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
• 影响因子: 9.6
• 作者: Weiqi Hua;Yue Zhou;Meysam Qadrdan;Jianzhong Wu;N. Jenkins