SEE MORE MAKE MORE: Secondary Electron Energy Measurement Optimisation for Reliable Manufacturing of Key Materials

查看更多 创造更多：二次电子能量测量优化，实现关键材料的可靠制造

• 批准号: EP/V012126/1
• 负责人: Cornelia Rodenburg
• 金额: $ 149.3万
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FV012126%2F1
• 关键词: SEE; MORE; MAKE; Secondary; Electron

Additive manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, is an exciting new form of industrial production that promises to revolutionise sectors as diverse as healthcare, energy, aerospace, and transport. By allowing stronger, lighter, and more complex components to be formed from a variety of materials, AM will play a critical role in meeting emerging technological needs over the coming decades. One area in which AM is already generating huge excitement is in bone tissue engineering for the production of implants for patients who have degenerative diseases or who need, for example, facial reconstruction following an accident or cancer. However, making large and load-bearing implants reproducibly is still a significant challenge. AM theoretically allows the reproduction of extremely complex geometries while also accounting for variation in the structural, mechanical, and cellular properties of bone tissue. Such flexibility will be essential to produce load-bearing 3D printed bones that have the strength to replace metal-based implants but which also mimic intricate vascular networks.Much of the flexibility of AM arises from its use of composites which combine the desirable properties of several different materials. Increasingly, in a form of AM that uses a laser to continually melt (sinter) the composite material, polymers are mixed with nano-carbon to make materials stronger and more conductive. However, an outstanding challenge in the field is to ensure that the carbon is evenly distributed throughout the matrix polymer to produce printed components with reliable properties. We also need to be able to monitor nanocarbon distribution in real time during AM which will require new, innovative methods of advanced metrology.Using the unique facilities and experience of our team, we will address these engineering challenges to provide the AM community with a step-change in their ability to produce bespoke high-quality components. To do this, we will build on significant breakthroughs we have recently made in developing new methods of hyperspectral imaging, that is, techniques that allow us to map the chemical and structural properties of a material and how these change under different conditions. Using electrons as a probe provides information on how nanocarbon particles interact with each other and their environment, for example, when heated with a laser. Such information is critical to optimise AM processes but, because this technique operates at the nanometer level, it is not practical for monitoring whole components whilst they are printed. For this, we will use another method of hyperspectral imaging based on thermal emission, similar to how we can measure temperature from the familiar glow emitted by hot coal in a fire. By combining these methods of electron imaging and thermal emission detection, we will be able to control how nanocarbon is distributed throughout a composite material and how this affects critical macroscale properties such as porosity, conductivity, strength, and surface finish. Together, this new hyperspectral imaging framework will benefit researchers and industry using AM for various applications leading to gains in cost, yield, energy efficiency, and lifetime.Once our framework is established, we will demonstrate its effectiveness by applying it to AM of bone tissue scaffolds from a novel composite we will develop containing nanocarbon mixed with a biocompatible polymer. By optimizing the laser heating process and controlling nanocarbon distribution and state, we will make scaffolds that are fit for clinical use, as validated through tests with our industry partner Lucideon. Other partners include NPL, ASTeC, YPS, Spintex, and FBK who will enhance the impact of our project through applications in Li ion batteries, pharmaceuticals, energy materials, and accelerator technologies.

增材制造（AM）或3D打印是一种令人兴奋的工业生产新形式，有望彻底改变医疗保健，能源，航空航天和运输等行业。通过允许更强，更轻，更复杂的组件由各种材料制成，AM将在满足未来几十年新兴技术需求方面发挥关键作用。AM已经产生巨大兴奋的一个领域是骨组织工程，用于为患有退行性疾病或需要在事故或癌症后进行面部重建的患者生产植入物。然而，可重复地制造大的承重植入物仍然是一个重大挑战。AM理论上允许再现极其复杂的几何形状，同时还考虑到骨组织的结构、机械和细胞特性的变化。这种灵活性对于生产承重3D打印骨骼至关重要，这些骨骼具有替代金属植入物的强度，但也模仿了复杂的血管网络。AM的大部分灵活性来自于其使用的复合材料，该复合材料联合收割机了几种不同材料的理想特性。越来越多地，在使用激光持续熔化（烧结）复合材料的AM形式中，聚合物与纳米碳混合，使材料更坚固，更导电。然而，该领域的一个突出挑战是确保碳均匀分布在整个基体聚合物中，以生产具有可靠性能的打印组件。我们还需要能够在增材制造过程中真实的实时监测纳米碳的分布，这将需要新的、创新的先进计量方法。利用我们团队独特的设施和经验，我们将解决这些工程挑战，为增材制造社区提供一个跨越式的转变，使他们能够生产定制的高质量组件。为了做到这一点，我们将建立在我们最近在开发高光谱成像新方法方面取得的重大突破的基础上，即，使我们能够绘制材料的化学和结构特性以及这些特性在不同条件下如何变化的技术。使用电子作为探针提供了有关纳米碳颗粒如何相互作用及其环境的信息，例如，当用激光加热时。这些信息对于优化AM工艺至关重要，但由于该技术在纳米级运行，因此在打印时监控整个组件并不实用。为此，我们将使用另一种基于热发射的高光谱成像方法，类似于我们如何从火灾中热煤发出的熟悉辉光中测量温度。通过结合这些电子成像和热发射检测方法，我们将能够控制纳米碳如何分布在整个复合材料中，以及这如何影响关键的宏观尺度特性，如孔隙率，导电性，强度和表面光洁度。总之，这种新的高光谱成像框架将有利于研究人员和工业使用AM的各种应用，从而提高成本，产量，能源效率和lifes.Once我们的框架建立，我们将证明其有效性，将其应用于AM的骨组织支架从一种新的复合材料，我们将开发含有纳米碳混合生物相容性聚合物。通过优化激光加热过程和控制纳米碳的分布和状态，我们将制造出适合临床使用的支架，并通过与我们的行业合作伙伴Lucideon的测试进行验证。其他合作伙伴包括NPL，ASTeC，YPS，Spintex和FBK，他们将通过在锂离子电池，制药，能源材料和加速器技术中的应用来增强我们项目的影响力。

项目成果

Characterization and quantification of oxidative stress induced particle debris from polypropylene surgical mesh

聚丙烯手术网片中氧化应激诱导的颗粒碎片的表征和定量

• DOI: 10.1002/nano.202200243
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Nano Select
• 作者: Farr N

Aerosol jet printing polymer dispersed liquid crystals on highly curved optical surfaces and edges.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23292-9
• 发表时间: 2022-11-02
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6

Image Correction and In Situ Spectral Calibration for Low-Cost, Smartphone Hyperspectral Imaging

• DOI: 10.3390/rs14051152
• 发表时间: 2022-03-01
• 期刊: REMOTE SENSING
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Davies, Matthew;Stuart, Mary B.;Willmott, Jon R.
• 通讯作者: Willmott, Jon R.

Assessing the Quality of Oxygen Plasma Focused Ion Beam (O-PFIB) Etching on Polypropylene Surfaces Using Secondary Electron Hyperspectral Imaging.

• DOI: 10.3390/polym15153247
• 发表时间: 2023-07-30
• 期刊: Polymers
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Farr NTH;Pasniewski M;de Marco A
• 通讯作者: de Marco A

Revealing The Morphology of Ink and Aerosol Jet Printed Palladium-Silver Alloys Fabricated from Metal Organic Decomposition Inks.

揭示由金属有机分解油墨制造的油墨和气溶胶喷射印刷钯银合金的形态。

• DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306561
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
• 作者: Farr NTH