PEDIATRIC PAIN MANAGEMENT--A PROFESSIONAL COURSE

患有癌症的儿童经历了反复痛苦的医疗程序， 如腰椎穿刺术和骨髓穿刺术已被证明 从行为痛苦中受益 管理技能。然而，此前没有研究表明， 未经培训的专业人员可以有效地培训儿童使用这种 技能。 该项目的目标是“儿科疼痛控制：一门专业课程” 是为了表明儿科卫生专业人员可以实际和 经过有效培训，向儿童传授急性疼痛管理技能 得了癌症。该项目的具体目标是：1)精心训练 儿科专业人员要有知识和技能才能使用 行为疼痛管理技能，2)彻底评估他们的知识 和技能，3)表明，孩子们被传授的技能可以减少痛苦 和与医疗程序有关的焦虑，以及4)传播 疼痛管理课程。 该课程包括一个周末研讨会，专业人士在那里学习痛苦 管理技能，然后是小组会议，在那里他们教授 向孩子和他们的家人传授技能。这些技能包括呼吸， 放松，讲故事，想象。技能将被模型化并 练习过了。材料包括研讨会手册、手册、录像带和 工作簿。小组会议的教材如下 发展起来的。课程评估工具*将评估专业人员 学员对培训计划和家长及 孩子们对小组训练的满意度。 专业实习生将接受知识获取方面的评估 测试前、测试后设计以及使用结构化、 技能清单。孩子们将严格掌握技能 评估过了。50名儿童，年龄在5-12岁之间，就读于圣克里斯托弗教堂 费城的肿瘤科诊所将随机分配到 行为疼痛管理组或标准管理组。疼痛 以及在医疗过程中的焦虑将由儿童的 自我报告和训练有素的观察员在基线、治疗和 控制条件。 传播是固有的，因为一名专业实习生可以教授多达 十个孩子在一个小团体中。肿瘤学的需求评估 将开展有关行为疼痛管理计划的计划 结果将被用来在当地、区域内传播课程 以及全国范围内。

Children with cancer who undergo repeated, painful medical procedures, such as lumbar punctures and bone marrow aspirations have been shown to benefit from behavioral pain management skills. No studies, however, have shown that previously untrained professionals can effectively train children in the use of such skills. The goal of the project, "Pediatric Pain Control: A Professional Course," is to show that pediatric health professionals can be practically and efficiently trained to teach acute, pain management skills to children with cancer. The project's specific aims are to 1) carefully train pediatric professionals to be knowledgeable and skillful in the use of behavioral pain management skills, 2) thoroughly assess their knowledge and skills, 3) show that children, taught the skills, can reduce the pain and anxiety related to their medical procedures and 4) disseminate the pain management course. The course includes a weekend seminar, where professionals learn pain management skills, followed by small group sessions, where they teach the skills to children and their families. The skills involve breathing, relaxation, story telling and imagery. Skills will be modeled and practiced. Materials include a seminar manual, handbook, video and workbook. Teaching materials for the small group sessions will be developed. Course evaluation instruments* will assess the professional trainees satisfaction with the training program and parents' and children's satisfaction with the small group training. Professional trainees will be evaluated for knowledge acquisition using a pre-test, post-test design and for skill acquisition using a structured, skill-checklist. Skill acquisition by the children will be rigorously assessed. Fifty children, ages 5 - 12, attending St. Christopher's Oncology Clinic in Philadelphia will be randomly assigned to either a behavioral pain management group or a standard management group. Pain and anxiety during medical procedures will be assessed by the childrens' self reports and by trained observers under baseline, treatment and control conditions. Dissemination is inherent since one professional trainee can teach up to ten children in a small group setting. A needs assessment of oncology programs regarding behavioral pain management programs will be undertaken and results will be used to disseminate the course locally, regionally and nationally.