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Flexible design and operation of water resource systems to tackle the triple challenge of climate change, the energy transition, and population growth

灵活设计和运行水资源系统，应对气候变化、能源转型和人口增长的三重挑战

基本信息

批准号：
EP/X009459/1
负责人：
Charles Rougé
金额：
$ 47.86万
依托单位：
University of Sheffield
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2023 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FX009459%2F1
关键词：
Flexible design operation water resource

项目摘要

A reliable water supply and a successful energy transition are two necessary conditions for a sustainable future. Yet we know little about how the switch to intermittent renewables (wind, solar) for our energy supply will affect the operation of our water infrastructure. The time for planning for this is now: unpreparedness in the face of energy supply fluctuations has wide-ranging economic impacts, as demonstrated by the developing energy crisis (as of January 2022). The dual aim of this New Investigator Award proposal is to develop a fast water-energy simulator to quantify the impacts of a decarbonised nationwide power grid on water resource systems, and to demonstrate its integration into state-of-the-art strategic water resource planning. This simulator will be the first to enable the exploration of the joint dynamics of water resource systems and low carbon energy systems at timescales ranging from hourly to multi-annual. This project will also promote an improved understanding of flexibility as an opportunity to adapt to a decarbonised grid as well as to buffer against drought.To achieve its aims, the project will address the following challenges:(C1) How can we represent the variability of weather-dependent inputs (wind, solar irradiation, rainfall) and their consequences in coupled water-energy systems? Weather evolves at fine timescales (e.g., hourly) and low precipitations can threaten water supply over a few years. Representing how these timescales interact, while including the national power grid, is a challenge that has yet to be tackle by academic research. To tackle this, the project will implement a fast hourly water-energy system simulator including the national electricity grid, both to assess energy transition impacts on water systems and measure first-order benefits of using the built-in flexibility of water systems to manage energy demand.(C2) How can we identify decision-relevant scenarios across the full range of uncertainty created by climate change, population growth and the energy transition? This project will use the coupled simulator to explore potential climate-energy-population futures and address this question, for the first time integrating energy transition scenarios into water planning.(C3) How can we integrate the transition to a low-carbon grid into strategic water resource planning? This project will achieve that, first on a single piece of water-energy infrastructure (e.g., desalination plant connected both to local renewable energy and to the grid), then at the scale of a regional water system supplying several million users in the East of England.This project will help the water sector (companies and regulators) plan for the triple challenge of climate change, population growth, and the energy transition, and deliver a reliable water supply at affordable rates for water users.

可靠的供水和成功的能源转型是可持续未来的两个必要条件。然而，我们对能源供应转向间歇性可再生能源（风能、太阳能）将如何影响供水基础设施的运行知之甚少。现在就应该对此进行规划：正如正在发展的能源危机（截至2022年1月）所证明的那样，面对能源供应波动缺乏准备会产生广泛的经济影响。这项新研究者奖提案的双重目标是开发一种快速的水能模拟器，以量化脱碳的全国电网对水资源系统的影响，并展示其与最先进的战略水资源规划的整合。这个模拟器将是第一个能够在从小时到多年的时间尺度上探索水资源系统和低碳能源系统的联合动力学的模拟器。该项目还将促进对灵活性的更好理解，将其作为适应脱碳电网和缓冲干旱的机会。为了实现其目标，该项目将解决以下挑战：（C1）我们如何表示依赖天气的输入（风、太阳辐射、降雨）的可变性及其在耦合水能系统中的后果？天气以精细的时间尺度（如每小时）演变，低降水可能在几年内威胁供水。代表这些时间尺度如何相互作用，同时包括国家电网，是一个尚未被学术研究解决的挑战。为了解决这个问题，该项目将实施一个包括国家电网在内的每小时快速水能系统模拟器，以评估能源转型对水系统的影响，并衡量利用水系统固有的灵活性来管理能源需求的一阶效益。（C2）在气候变化、人口增长和能源转型造成的各种不确定性中，我们如何识别与决策相关的情景？该项目将使用耦合模拟器探索潜在的气候-能源-人口未来并解决这一问题，首次将能源转型情景纳入水资源规划。（C3）我们如何将向低碳电网的过渡纳入战略性水资源规划？这个项目将实现这一目标，首先是在一个单一的水能基础设施上（例如，与当地可再生能源和电网相连的海水淡化厂），然后是在一个区域供水系统的规模上，为英格兰东部的数百万用户提供供水。该项目将帮助水务部门（公司和监管机构）制定计划，应对气候变化、人口增长和能源转型这三重挑战，并以合理的价格为用水者提供可靠的供水。